Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity
Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) are cysteine-containing cationic peptides. LEAP-1 and LEAP-2 are eight- and four-cysteine containing antimicrobial peptides found in animals, respectively. LEAP-1 is widely known as antibacterial peptide involved in the innate immunity of fish, but the...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e63e4b624b3046de8107e9d3df79e81e 2023-05-15T13:59:19+02:00 Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity Shweta Bharat Borkar Sondavid K. Nandanwar Jun Hyuck Lee Hak Jun Kim 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204299 https://doaj.org/article/e63e4b624b3046de8107e9d3df79e81e EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/20/4299 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417 2076-3417 doi:10.3390/app9204299 https://doaj.org/article/e63e4b624b3046de8107e9d3df79e81e Applied Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 20, p 4299 (2019) antarctic eelpout antarctic notothenioid liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide disulfide bond cold-active peptide Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204299 2022-12-31T03:52:52Z Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) are cysteine-containing cationic peptides. LEAP-1 and LEAP-2 are eight- and four-cysteine containing antimicrobial peptides found in animals, respectively. LEAP-1 is widely known as antibacterial peptide involved in the innate immunity of fish, but the roles of LEAP-1 and LEAP-2 in Antarctic fish species are unknown. In the present study, we synthesized and characterized novel LEAPs with four and eight cysteine residues, derived from Antarctic notothenioid ( Dissostichus mawsoni ) and Antarctic eelpout ( Lycodichthys dearborni ). Circular dichroism spectroscopy of these peptides showed a typical β-sheet conformation. The LEAPs were found to be bactericidal against gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. In the SYTOX green uptake assay, LEAPs did not trigger any significant increase in fluorescence. However, LEAPs competitively bound to DNA and replaced the ethidium bromide (EB) dye. To determine the effect of temperature on the activity of LEAPs, we evaluated the antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes at 5, 15, 25, and 35 °C. The results showed that the antibacterial activity of LEAPs increased with a decrease in temperature, which may indicate that the Antarctic fish LEAP are evolutionarily adapted. Taken together, our results suggest that novel Antarctic LEAPs are bactericidal peptides with the likely mode of action being DNA binding and may be evolved to adapt to cold temperature. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic The Antarctic Applied Sciences 9 20 4299 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
antarctic eelpout antarctic notothenioid liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide disulfide bond cold-active peptide Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
spellingShingle |
antarctic eelpout antarctic notothenioid liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide disulfide bond cold-active peptide Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Shweta Bharat Borkar Sondavid K. Nandanwar Jun Hyuck Lee Hak Jun Kim Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity |
topic_facet |
antarctic eelpout antarctic notothenioid liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide disulfide bond cold-active peptide Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) are cysteine-containing cationic peptides. LEAP-1 and LEAP-2 are eight- and four-cysteine containing antimicrobial peptides found in animals, respectively. LEAP-1 is widely known as antibacterial peptide involved in the innate immunity of fish, but the roles of LEAP-1 and LEAP-2 in Antarctic fish species are unknown. In the present study, we synthesized and characterized novel LEAPs with four and eight cysteine residues, derived from Antarctic notothenioid ( Dissostichus mawsoni ) and Antarctic eelpout ( Lycodichthys dearborni ). Circular dichroism spectroscopy of these peptides showed a typical β-sheet conformation. The LEAPs were found to be bactericidal against gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. In the SYTOX green uptake assay, LEAPs did not trigger any significant increase in fluorescence. However, LEAPs competitively bound to DNA and replaced the ethidium bromide (EB) dye. To determine the effect of temperature on the activity of LEAPs, we evaluated the antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes at 5, 15, 25, and 35 °C. The results showed that the antibacterial activity of LEAPs increased with a decrease in temperature, which may indicate that the Antarctic fish LEAP are evolutionarily adapted. Taken together, our results suggest that novel Antarctic LEAPs are bactericidal peptides with the likely mode of action being DNA binding and may be evolved to adapt to cold temperature. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Shweta Bharat Borkar Sondavid K. Nandanwar Jun Hyuck Lee Hak Jun Kim |
author_facet |
Shweta Bharat Borkar Sondavid K. Nandanwar Jun Hyuck Lee Hak Jun Kim |
author_sort |
Shweta Bharat Borkar |
title |
Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity |
title_short |
Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity |
title_full |
Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of Four Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptides from Antarctic Fish and Their Antibacterial Activity |
title_sort |
characterization of four liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides from antarctic fish and their antibacterial activity |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204299 https://doaj.org/article/e63e4b624b3046de8107e9d3df79e81e |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
Applied Sciences, Vol 9, Iss 20, p 4299 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/20/4299 https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417 2076-3417 doi:10.3390/app9204299 https://doaj.org/article/e63e4b624b3046de8107e9d3df79e81e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204299 |
container_title |
Applied Sciences |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
20 |
container_start_page |
4299 |
_version_ |
1766267860644003840 |