The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons
In contrast to temperate systems, Arctic lagoons that span the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast face extreme seasonality. Nine months of ice cover up to ∼1.7 m thick is followed by a spring thaw that introduces an enormous pulse of freshwater, nutrients, and organic matter into these lagoons over a relativ...
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2021
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e5b0820ce434464c9e7934a7041f1a4e 2023-05-15T14:55:52+02:00 The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons Kristina D. Baker Colleen T. E. Kellogg James W. McClelland Kenneth H. Dunton Byron C. Crump 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901 https://doaj.org/article/e5b0820ce434464c9e7934a7041f1a4e EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901 https://doaj.org/article/e5b0820ce434464c9e7934a7041f1a4e Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021) estuary archaea bacteria omics arctic national wildlife refuge Microbiology QR1-502 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901 2022-12-31T13:27:19Z In contrast to temperate systems, Arctic lagoons that span the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast face extreme seasonality. Nine months of ice cover up to ∼1.7 m thick is followed by a spring thaw that introduces an enormous pulse of freshwater, nutrients, and organic matter into these lagoons over a relatively brief 2–3 week period. Prokaryotic communities link these subsidies to lagoon food webs through nutrient uptake, heterotrophic production, and other biogeochemical processes, but little is known about how the genomic capabilities of these communities respond to seasonal variability. Replicate water samples from two lagoons and one coastal site near Kaktovik, AK were collected in April (full ice cover), June (ice break up), and August (open water) to represent winter, spring, and summer, respectively. Samples were size fractionated to distinguish free-living and particle-attached microbial communities. Multivariate analysis of metagenomes indicated that seasonal variability in gene abundances was greater than variability between size fractions and sites, and that June differed significantly from the other months. Spring (June) gene abundances reflected the high input of watershed-sourced nutrients and organic matter via spring thaw, featuring indicator genes for denitrification possibly linked to greater organic carbon availability, and genes for processing phytoplankton-derived organic matter associated with spring blooms. Summer featured fewer indicator genes, but had increased abundances of anoxygenic photosynthesis genes, possibly associated with elevated light availability. Winter (April) gene abundances suggested low energy inputs and autotrophic bacterial metabolism, featuring indicator genes for chemoautotrophic carbon fixation, methane metabolism, and nitrification. Winter indicator genes for nitrification belonged to Thaumarchaeota and Nitrosomonadales, suggesting these organisms play an important role in oxidizing ammonium during the under-ice period. This study shows that high latitude estuarine ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Beaufort Sea Phytoplankton Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Frontiers in Microbiology 12 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
estuary archaea bacteria omics arctic national wildlife refuge Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
estuary archaea bacteria omics arctic national wildlife refuge Microbiology QR1-502 Kristina D. Baker Colleen T. E. Kellogg James W. McClelland Kenneth H. Dunton Byron C. Crump The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons |
topic_facet |
estuary archaea bacteria omics arctic national wildlife refuge Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
In contrast to temperate systems, Arctic lagoons that span the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast face extreme seasonality. Nine months of ice cover up to ∼1.7 m thick is followed by a spring thaw that introduces an enormous pulse of freshwater, nutrients, and organic matter into these lagoons over a relatively brief 2–3 week period. Prokaryotic communities link these subsidies to lagoon food webs through nutrient uptake, heterotrophic production, and other biogeochemical processes, but little is known about how the genomic capabilities of these communities respond to seasonal variability. Replicate water samples from two lagoons and one coastal site near Kaktovik, AK were collected in April (full ice cover), June (ice break up), and August (open water) to represent winter, spring, and summer, respectively. Samples were size fractionated to distinguish free-living and particle-attached microbial communities. Multivariate analysis of metagenomes indicated that seasonal variability in gene abundances was greater than variability between size fractions and sites, and that June differed significantly from the other months. Spring (June) gene abundances reflected the high input of watershed-sourced nutrients and organic matter via spring thaw, featuring indicator genes for denitrification possibly linked to greater organic carbon availability, and genes for processing phytoplankton-derived organic matter associated with spring blooms. Summer featured fewer indicator genes, but had increased abundances of anoxygenic photosynthesis genes, possibly associated with elevated light availability. Winter (April) gene abundances suggested low energy inputs and autotrophic bacterial metabolism, featuring indicator genes for chemoautotrophic carbon fixation, methane metabolism, and nitrification. Winter indicator genes for nitrification belonged to Thaumarchaeota and Nitrosomonadales, suggesting these organisms play an important role in oxidizing ammonium during the under-ice period. This study shows that high latitude estuarine ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kristina D. Baker Colleen T. E. Kellogg James W. McClelland Kenneth H. Dunton Byron C. Crump |
author_facet |
Kristina D. Baker Colleen T. E. Kellogg James W. McClelland Kenneth H. Dunton Byron C. Crump |
author_sort |
Kristina D. Baker |
title |
The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons |
title_short |
The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons |
title_full |
The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons |
title_fullStr |
The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Genomic Capabilities of Microbial Communities Track Seasonal Variation in Environmental Conditions of Arctic Lagoons |
title_sort |
genomic capabilities of microbial communities track seasonal variation in environmental conditions of arctic lagoons |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901 https://doaj.org/article/e5b0820ce434464c9e7934a7041f1a4e |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Beaufort Sea Phytoplankton Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Beaufort Sea Phytoplankton Alaska |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901 https://doaj.org/article/e5b0820ce434464c9e7934a7041f1a4e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.601901 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
12 |
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1766327874201059328 |