Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM
The effects of increased North American sulphate aerosol emissions on the climate of Mexico and the United States (U.S.) during 1950–1975 are investigated by using two sets of transient coupled experiments with the Community Earth System Model, one with historically evolving emissions, and a second...
Published in: | Environmental Research Letters |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 https://doaj.org/article/e549f55382eb45179ec1d222e34b9cdc |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e549f55382eb45179ec1d222e34b9cdc 2023-09-05T13:21:37+02:00 Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM Ivonne M García-Martínez Massimo A Bollasina Sabine Undorf 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 https://doaj.org/article/e549f55382eb45179ec1d222e34b9cdc EN eng IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/e549f55382eb45179ec1d222e34b9cdc Environmental Research Letters, Vol 15, Iss 11, p 114051 (2020) anthropogenic aerosols hydroclimate change atmospheric circulation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 2023-08-13T00:37:14Z The effects of increased North American sulphate aerosol emissions on the climate of Mexico and the United States (U.S.) during 1950–1975 are investigated by using two sets of transient coupled experiments with the Community Earth System Model, one with historically evolving emissions, and a second one where North American SO _2 emissions are kept at their pre-industrial levels. The 1950–1975 increase in North American sulphate aerosols is found to have regional and remote impact. Over central U.S. and northern Mexico, the strengthening and westward expansion of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and subsequent intensification of the low-level easterlies, along with local aerosol interactions with radiation and clouds, cause a cooling trend and enhance precipitation. The interaction between the enhanced moisture transport across the Gulf of Mexico and the elevated topography of central Mexico favours positive rainfall on the Atlantic side while suppressing it on the Pacific side. These continental anomalies are embedded in a hemispheric-wide upper-tropospheric teleconnection pattern over the mid-latitudes, extending from the Pacific to the Atlantic basin. Details of the underlying mechanisms—in particular the prominent role of dynamical adjustments—are provided. With SO _2 emissions considerably reduced in the U.S., and the expectation of a continued global decline throughout the 21st century, this study sheds light upon possible ongoing and future regional climate responses to changes in anthropogenic forcing. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Pacific Environmental Research Letters 15 11 114051 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
anthropogenic aerosols hydroclimate change atmospheric circulation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
spellingShingle |
anthropogenic aerosols hydroclimate change atmospheric circulation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 Ivonne M García-Martínez Massimo A Bollasina Sabine Undorf Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM |
topic_facet |
anthropogenic aerosols hydroclimate change atmospheric circulation Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
description |
The effects of increased North American sulphate aerosol emissions on the climate of Mexico and the United States (U.S.) during 1950–1975 are investigated by using two sets of transient coupled experiments with the Community Earth System Model, one with historically evolving emissions, and a second one where North American SO _2 emissions are kept at their pre-industrial levels. The 1950–1975 increase in North American sulphate aerosols is found to have regional and remote impact. Over central U.S. and northern Mexico, the strengthening and westward expansion of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and subsequent intensification of the low-level easterlies, along with local aerosol interactions with radiation and clouds, cause a cooling trend and enhance precipitation. The interaction between the enhanced moisture transport across the Gulf of Mexico and the elevated topography of central Mexico favours positive rainfall on the Atlantic side while suppressing it on the Pacific side. These continental anomalies are embedded in a hemispheric-wide upper-tropospheric teleconnection pattern over the mid-latitudes, extending from the Pacific to the Atlantic basin. Details of the underlying mechanisms—in particular the prominent role of dynamical adjustments—are provided. With SO _2 emissions considerably reduced in the U.S., and the expectation of a continued global decline throughout the 21st century, this study sheds light upon possible ongoing and future regional climate responses to changes in anthropogenic forcing. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ivonne M García-Martínez Massimo A Bollasina Sabine Undorf |
author_facet |
Ivonne M García-Martínez Massimo A Bollasina Sabine Undorf |
author_sort |
Ivonne M García-Martínez |
title |
Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM |
title_short |
Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM |
title_full |
Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM |
title_fullStr |
Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM |
title_full_unstemmed |
Strong large-scale climate response to North American sulphate aerosols in CESM |
title_sort |
strong large-scale climate response to north american sulphate aerosols in cesm |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 https://doaj.org/article/e549f55382eb45179ec1d222e34b9cdc |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters, Vol 15, Iss 11, p 114051 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/e549f55382eb45179ec1d222e34b9cdc |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbe45 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
114051 |
_version_ |
1776202216359591936 |