Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998
OBJECTIVES: To assess the extent of gender inequalities in health status and health services utilization among adolescents and adults in Brazil. METHODS: A representative sample of 217 248 individuals from 15 to 64 years of age was obtained from the National Household Sample Survey (Pesquisa Naciona...
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Pan American Health Organization
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e53f4ecc9cfa4735a0097b2923db0a89 2023-05-15T15:17:58+02:00 Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998 Rita Barradas Barata Márcia Furquim de Almeida Cláudia Valencia Montero Zilda Pereira da Silva 2007-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doaj.org/article/e53f4ecc9cfa4735a0097b2923db0a89 EN ES PT eng spa por Pan American Health Organization http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892007000400008 https://doaj.org/toc/1020-4989 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-5348 1020-4989 1680-5348 https://doaj.org/article/e53f4ecc9cfa4735a0097b2923db0a89 Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 21, Iss 5, Pp 320-327 (2007) Salud de la mujer conducta de salud accesibilidad a los servicios de salud servicios de salud estado de salud Brasil Women's health health behavior health services accessibility health services health status Brazil Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2007 ftdoajarticles 2022-12-31T14:23:04Z OBJECTIVES: To assess the extent of gender inequalities in health status and health services utilization among adolescents and adults in Brazil. METHODS: A representative sample of 217 248 individuals from 15 to 64 years of age was obtained from the National Household Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Amostras por Domicílios, PNAD) conducted in 1998 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and funded by the Ministry of Health. The study focused on three outcome variables (self-assessed health status, medical visits, and hospitalizations (except childbirth)) and five exposure variables (age, gender, ethnicity, income, and education). Unconditional logistic regression and Mantel-Haenszel stratified analysis was employed. Prevalence rate ratios were calculated for each stratum. Confidence intervals were calculated using the Taylor series, with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: Women were more likely to report fair or poor health than men (odds ratio (OR) = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.31-1.35). Gender disparities were significant for all ages, household income brackets, and education levels, and were always unfavorable to women (1.17 < OR < 1.44). Gender disparities for medical visits were higher for those in good health; tended to fall as age, income, and education increased; and were always favorable for women (1.12 < OR < 2.06). Gender disparities in hospitalization rates decreased with age, varied according to income and education level in each age group, and were always favorable for women (1.16 < OR < 1.66). CONCLUSIONS: The difference in self-reported health status for men and women became even greater after adjusting for socioeconomic variables, suggesting that poorer women have more pronounced, relative differences than men do. The impact of structural determinants, such as education and income, is considerably smaller than the social construct of gender, although the former are more important predictors. Women use health services more often than men do, which is consistent ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English Spanish Portuguese |
topic |
Salud de la mujer conducta de salud accesibilidad a los servicios de salud servicios de salud estado de salud Brasil Women's health health behavior health services accessibility health services health status Brazil Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
spellingShingle |
Salud de la mujer conducta de salud accesibilidad a los servicios de salud servicios de salud estado de salud Brasil Women's health health behavior health services accessibility health services health status Brazil Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Rita Barradas Barata Márcia Furquim de Almeida Cláudia Valencia Montero Zilda Pereira da Silva Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998 |
topic_facet |
Salud de la mujer conducta de salud accesibilidad a los servicios de salud servicios de salud estado de salud Brasil Women's health health behavior health services accessibility health services health status Brazil Medicine R Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
OBJECTIVES: To assess the extent of gender inequalities in health status and health services utilization among adolescents and adults in Brazil. METHODS: A representative sample of 217 248 individuals from 15 to 64 years of age was obtained from the National Household Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Amostras por Domicílios, PNAD) conducted in 1998 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and funded by the Ministry of Health. The study focused on three outcome variables (self-assessed health status, medical visits, and hospitalizations (except childbirth)) and five exposure variables (age, gender, ethnicity, income, and education). Unconditional logistic regression and Mantel-Haenszel stratified analysis was employed. Prevalence rate ratios were calculated for each stratum. Confidence intervals were calculated using the Taylor series, with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: Women were more likely to report fair or poor health than men (odds ratio (OR) = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.31-1.35). Gender disparities were significant for all ages, household income brackets, and education levels, and were always unfavorable to women (1.17 < OR < 1.44). Gender disparities for medical visits were higher for those in good health; tended to fall as age, income, and education increased; and were always favorable for women (1.12 < OR < 2.06). Gender disparities in hospitalization rates decreased with age, varied according to income and education level in each age group, and were always favorable for women (1.16 < OR < 1.66). CONCLUSIONS: The difference in self-reported health status for men and women became even greater after adjusting for socioeconomic variables, suggesting that poorer women have more pronounced, relative differences than men do. The impact of structural determinants, such as education and income, is considerably smaller than the social construct of gender, although the former are more important predictors. Women use health services more often than men do, which is consistent ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rita Barradas Barata Márcia Furquim de Almeida Cláudia Valencia Montero Zilda Pereira da Silva |
author_facet |
Rita Barradas Barata Márcia Furquim de Almeida Cláudia Valencia Montero Zilda Pereira da Silva |
author_sort |
Rita Barradas Barata |
title |
Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998 |
title_short |
Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998 |
title_full |
Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998 |
title_fullStr |
Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in Brazil, 1998 Desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en Brasil, 1998 |
title_sort |
gender and health inequalities among adolescents and adults in brazil, 1998 desigualdades de género y salud en adolescentes y adultos en brasil, 1998 |
publisher |
Pan American Health Organization |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/e53f4ecc9cfa4735a0097b2923db0a89 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, Vol 21, Iss 5, Pp 320-327 (2007) |
op_relation |
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1020-49892007000400008 https://doaj.org/toc/1020-4989 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-5348 1020-4989 1680-5348 https://doaj.org/article/e53f4ecc9cfa4735a0097b2923db0a89 |
_version_ |
1766348217507643392 |