Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait
Amino acids (AA) and carbohydrates (CHO) are important components of the marine organic carbon cycle. Produced mainly by phytoplankton as part of the particulate organic carbon (POC) fraction, these compounds can be released into the outer medium where they become part of the dissolved organic carbo...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e43a2441f23941cf83b8fa5e82114c59 2023-05-15T14:58:07+02:00 Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait Julia Grosse Eva-Maria Nöthig Sinhué Torres-Valdés Anja Engel 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.684675 https://doaj.org/article/e43a2441f23941cf83b8fa5e82114c59 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.684675/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.684675 https://doaj.org/article/e43a2441f23941cf83b8fa5e82114c59 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) Arctic Ocean organic matter cycling microbial loop organic carbon essential amino acids neutral sugars Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.684675 2022-12-31T07:46:43Z Amino acids (AA) and carbohydrates (CHO) are important components of the marine organic carbon cycle. Produced mainly by phytoplankton as part of the particulate organic carbon (POC) fraction, these compounds can be released into the outer medium where they become part of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool and are rapidly taken up by heterotrophs (e.g., bacteria). We investigated the quantity and quality of POC and DOC, AA and CHO composition in both pools in three different water masses in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) in summer 2017. Polar Waters and Atlantic Waters showed similar concentrations of particulate and dissolved AA and CHO, despite Polar Waters showing the highest DOC concentrations. In Mixed Waters, where the two water masses mix with each other and with melting sea ice, the concentrations of particulate and dissolved AA and CHO were highest. AA and CHO composition differed substantially between the particulate and dissolved fractions. The particulate fraction (>0.7 μm) was enriched in essential AA and the CHO galactose, xylose/mannose, and muramic acid. In the dissolved fraction non-essential AA, several neutral CHO, and acidic and amino CHO were enriched. We further investigated different size fractions of the particulate matter using a separate size fractionation approach (0.2–0.7 μm, 0.7–10 μm and >10 μm). The chemical composition of the 0.2–0.7 μm size-fraction had a higher contribution of non-essential AA and acidic and amino sugars, setting them apart from the 0.7–10 μm and >10 μm fractions, which showed the same composition. We suggest that the relative differences observed between different size fractions and DOC with regards to AA and CHO composition can be used to evaluate the state of organic matter processing and evaluate the contribution of autotrophic phytoplankton or more heterotrophic biomass. In the future, changing conditions in the Central Arctic Ocean (Atlantification, warming, decreasing ice concentrations) may increase primary production and consequently ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Phytoplankton Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic Ocean organic matter cycling microbial loop organic carbon essential amino acids neutral sugars Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
Arctic Ocean organic matter cycling microbial loop organic carbon essential amino acids neutral sugars Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Julia Grosse Eva-Maria Nöthig Sinhué Torres-Valdés Anja Engel Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait |
topic_facet |
Arctic Ocean organic matter cycling microbial loop organic carbon essential amino acids neutral sugars Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Amino acids (AA) and carbohydrates (CHO) are important components of the marine organic carbon cycle. Produced mainly by phytoplankton as part of the particulate organic carbon (POC) fraction, these compounds can be released into the outer medium where they become part of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool and are rapidly taken up by heterotrophs (e.g., bacteria). We investigated the quantity and quality of POC and DOC, AA and CHO composition in both pools in three different water masses in the Fram Strait (Arctic Ocean) in summer 2017. Polar Waters and Atlantic Waters showed similar concentrations of particulate and dissolved AA and CHO, despite Polar Waters showing the highest DOC concentrations. In Mixed Waters, where the two water masses mix with each other and with melting sea ice, the concentrations of particulate and dissolved AA and CHO were highest. AA and CHO composition differed substantially between the particulate and dissolved fractions. The particulate fraction (>0.7 μm) was enriched in essential AA and the CHO galactose, xylose/mannose, and muramic acid. In the dissolved fraction non-essential AA, several neutral CHO, and acidic and amino CHO were enriched. We further investigated different size fractions of the particulate matter using a separate size fractionation approach (0.2–0.7 μm, 0.7–10 μm and >10 μm). The chemical composition of the 0.2–0.7 μm size-fraction had a higher contribution of non-essential AA and acidic and amino sugars, setting them apart from the 0.7–10 μm and >10 μm fractions, which showed the same composition. We suggest that the relative differences observed between different size fractions and DOC with regards to AA and CHO composition can be used to evaluate the state of organic matter processing and evaluate the contribution of autotrophic phytoplankton or more heterotrophic biomass. In the future, changing conditions in the Central Arctic Ocean (Atlantification, warming, decreasing ice concentrations) may increase primary production and consequently ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Julia Grosse Eva-Maria Nöthig Sinhué Torres-Valdés Anja Engel |
author_facet |
Julia Grosse Eva-Maria Nöthig Sinhué Torres-Valdés Anja Engel |
author_sort |
Julia Grosse |
title |
Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait |
title_short |
Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait |
title_full |
Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait |
title_fullStr |
Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait |
title_full_unstemmed |
Summertime Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Patterns in Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon Across Fram Strait |
title_sort |
summertime amino acid and carbohydrate patterns in particulate and dissolved organic carbon across fram strait |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.684675 https://doaj.org/article/e43a2441f23941cf83b8fa5e82114c59 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Phytoplankton Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Fram Strait Phytoplankton Sea ice |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.684675/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.684675 https://doaj.org/article/e43a2441f23941cf83b8fa5e82114c59 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.684675 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766330208122568704 |