Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird
Abstract Studies of model animals like mice and rats have led to great advances in our understanding of the process of tumorigenesis, but this line of study has less to offer for understanding the mechanisms of cancer resistance. Increasing the diversity of nonmodel species from the perspective of m...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e32af61e2f514b39a2b349febf6c50a1 2023-05-15T17:07:22+02:00 Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird Richard Meitern Jérôme Fort Mathieu Giraudeau Kalev Rattiste Elin Sild Tuul Sepp 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13024 https://doaj.org/article/e32af61e2f514b39a2b349febf6c50a1 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13024 https://doaj.org/toc/1752-4571 1752-4571 doi:10.1111/eva.13024 https://doaj.org/article/e32af61e2f514b39a2b349febf6c50a1 Evolutionary Applications, Vol 13, Iss 7, Pp 1708-1718 (2020) cancer defenses gene expression Larus canus senescence transcriptome wild animals Evolution QH359-425 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13024 2022-12-31T10:01:16Z Abstract Studies of model animals like mice and rats have led to great advances in our understanding of the process of tumorigenesis, but this line of study has less to offer for understanding the mechanisms of cancer resistance. Increasing the diversity of nonmodel species from the perspective of molecular mechanisms of natural cancer resistance can lead to new insights into the evolution of protective mechanisms against neoplastic processes and to a wider understanding of natural cancer defense mechanisms. Such knowledge could then eventually be harnessed for the development of human cancer therapies. We suggest here that seabirds are promising, albeit currently completely ignored candidates for studying cancer defense mechanisms, as they have a longer maximum life span than expected from their body size and rates of energy metabolism and may have thus evolved mechanisms to limit neoplasia progression, especially at older ages. We here apply a novel, intraspecific approach of comparing old and young seabirds for improving our understanding of aging and neoplastic processes in natural settings. We used the long‐lived common gulls (Larus canus) for studying the age‐related pattern of expression of cancer‐related genes, based on transcriptome analysis and databases of orthologues of human cancer genes. The analysis of differently expressed cancer‐related genes between young and old gulls indicated that similarly to humans, age is potentially affecting cancer risk in this species. Out of eleven differentially expressed cancer‐related genes between the groups, three were likely artifactually linked to cancer. The remaining eight were downregulated in old gulls compared to young ones. The downregulation of five of them could be interpreted as a mechanism suppressing neoplasia risk and three as increasing the risk. Based on these results, we suggest that old gulls differ from young ones both from the aspect of cancer susceptibility and tumor suppression at the genetic level. Article in Journal/Newspaper Larus canus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Evolutionary Applications 13 7 1708 1718 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
cancer defenses gene expression Larus canus senescence transcriptome wild animals Evolution QH359-425 |
spellingShingle |
cancer defenses gene expression Larus canus senescence transcriptome wild animals Evolution QH359-425 Richard Meitern Jérôme Fort Mathieu Giraudeau Kalev Rattiste Elin Sild Tuul Sepp Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird |
topic_facet |
cancer defenses gene expression Larus canus senescence transcriptome wild animals Evolution QH359-425 |
description |
Abstract Studies of model animals like mice and rats have led to great advances in our understanding of the process of tumorigenesis, but this line of study has less to offer for understanding the mechanisms of cancer resistance. Increasing the diversity of nonmodel species from the perspective of molecular mechanisms of natural cancer resistance can lead to new insights into the evolution of protective mechanisms against neoplastic processes and to a wider understanding of natural cancer defense mechanisms. Such knowledge could then eventually be harnessed for the development of human cancer therapies. We suggest here that seabirds are promising, albeit currently completely ignored candidates for studying cancer defense mechanisms, as they have a longer maximum life span than expected from their body size and rates of energy metabolism and may have thus evolved mechanisms to limit neoplasia progression, especially at older ages. We here apply a novel, intraspecific approach of comparing old and young seabirds for improving our understanding of aging and neoplastic processes in natural settings. We used the long‐lived common gulls (Larus canus) for studying the age‐related pattern of expression of cancer‐related genes, based on transcriptome analysis and databases of orthologues of human cancer genes. The analysis of differently expressed cancer‐related genes between young and old gulls indicated that similarly to humans, age is potentially affecting cancer risk in this species. Out of eleven differentially expressed cancer‐related genes between the groups, three were likely artifactually linked to cancer. The remaining eight were downregulated in old gulls compared to young ones. The downregulation of five of them could be interpreted as a mechanism suppressing neoplasia risk and three as increasing the risk. Based on these results, we suggest that old gulls differ from young ones both from the aspect of cancer susceptibility and tumor suppression at the genetic level. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Richard Meitern Jérôme Fort Mathieu Giraudeau Kalev Rattiste Elin Sild Tuul Sepp |
author_facet |
Richard Meitern Jérôme Fort Mathieu Giraudeau Kalev Rattiste Elin Sild Tuul Sepp |
author_sort |
Richard Meitern |
title |
Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird |
title_short |
Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird |
title_full |
Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird |
title_fullStr |
Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird |
title_full_unstemmed |
Age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird |
title_sort |
age‐dependent expression of cancer‐related genes in a long‐lived seabird |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13024 https://doaj.org/article/e32af61e2f514b39a2b349febf6c50a1 |
genre |
Larus canus |
genre_facet |
Larus canus |
op_source |
Evolutionary Applications, Vol 13, Iss 7, Pp 1708-1718 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13024 https://doaj.org/toc/1752-4571 1752-4571 doi:10.1111/eva.13024 https://doaj.org/article/e32af61e2f514b39a2b349febf6c50a1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13024 |
container_title |
Evolutionary Applications |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
1708 |
op_container_end_page |
1718 |
_version_ |
1766062742469345280 |