Waterbird counts on large water bodies: comparing ground and aerial methods during different ice conditions

• Published in: PeerJ
• Main Authors: Dominik Marchowski, Łukasz Jankowiak, Łukasz Ławicki, Dariusz Wysocki
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: PeerJ Inc. 2018
• Subjects: Wintering; Costal lagoons; Baltic Sea; Ducks; Waterfowl; Accuracy of population estimates; Medicine; R; Biology (General); QH301-705.5; Olor; Anas acuta; Aythya marila; Cygnus cygnus; greater scaup; Mergellus albellus; Northern Shoveler; Shoveler; Whooper Swan; smew
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5195; https://doaj.org/article/e1d7ca090a3b4bff88c87199a2c9889d

The aerial and ground methods of counting birds in a coastal area during different ice conditions were compared. Ice coverage of water was an important factor affecting the results of the two methods. When the water was ice-free, more birds were counted from the ground, whereas during ice conditions...