Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans
The North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, along with the North Pacific, are the main reservoirs of anthropogenic radionuclides introduced in the past 75 years. The POSEIDON-R compartment model was applied to the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans to reconstruct 137Cs contamination in 1945–2020 due to mult...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e194df31ade242ebadfd5af0c96b918d 2023-09-05T13:16:54+02:00 Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans Vladimir Maderich Kyeong Ok Kim Roman Bezhenar Kyung Tae Jung Vazira Martazinova Igor Brovchenko 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.806450 https://doaj.org/article/e194df31ade242ebadfd5af0c96b918d EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.806450/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.806450 https://doaj.org/article/e194df31ade242ebadfd5af0c96b918d Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) North Atlantic Arctic Ocean Nordic Seas 137Cs compartment model dynamic food web model Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.806450 2023-08-13T00:36:11Z The North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, along with the North Pacific, are the main reservoirs of anthropogenic radionuclides introduced in the past 75 years. The POSEIDON-R compartment model was applied to the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans to reconstruct 137Cs contamination in 1945–2020 due to multiple sources: global fallout, exchange flows with other oceans, point-source inputs in the ocean from reprocessing plants and other nuclear facilities, the impact of the Chernobyl accident and secondary contamination resulting from river runoff and redissolution from bottom sediments. The model simulated the marine environment as a system of 3D compartments comprising the water column, bottom sediment, and biota. The dynamic model described the transfer of 137Cs through the pelagic and benthic food chains. The simulation results were validated using the marine database MARIS. The calculated concentrations of 137Cs in the seaweed and non-piscivorous and piscivorous pelagic fish mostly followed the concentration of 137Cs in water. The concentration in coastal predator fish lagged behind the concentration in water as a result of a diet that includes both pelagic and benthic organisms. The impact of each considered source on the total concentration of 137Cs in non-piscivorous fish in the regions of interest was analyzed. Whereas the contribution from global fallout dominated in 1960–1970, in 1970–1990, the contribution of 137Cs released from reprocessing plants exceeded the contributions from other sources in almost all considered regions. Secondary contamination due to river runoff was less than 4% of ocean influx. The maximum total inventory of 137Cs in the Arctic Ocean (31,122 TBq) was reached in 1988, whereas the corresponding inventory in the bottom sediment was approximately 6% of the total. The general agreement between simulated and observed 137Cs concentrations in water and bottom sediment was confirmed by the estimates of geometric mean and geometric standard deviation, which varied from 0.89 to 1.29 and from ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Nordic Seas North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Arctic Ocean Pacific Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
North Atlantic Arctic Ocean Nordic Seas 137Cs compartment model dynamic food web model Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
North Atlantic Arctic Ocean Nordic Seas 137Cs compartment model dynamic food web model Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Vladimir Maderich Kyeong Ok Kim Roman Bezhenar Kyung Tae Jung Vazira Martazinova Igor Brovchenko Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans |
topic_facet |
North Atlantic Arctic Ocean Nordic Seas 137Cs compartment model dynamic food web model Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
The North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, along with the North Pacific, are the main reservoirs of anthropogenic radionuclides introduced in the past 75 years. The POSEIDON-R compartment model was applied to the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans to reconstruct 137Cs contamination in 1945–2020 due to multiple sources: global fallout, exchange flows with other oceans, point-source inputs in the ocean from reprocessing plants and other nuclear facilities, the impact of the Chernobyl accident and secondary contamination resulting from river runoff and redissolution from bottom sediments. The model simulated the marine environment as a system of 3D compartments comprising the water column, bottom sediment, and biota. The dynamic model described the transfer of 137Cs through the pelagic and benthic food chains. The simulation results were validated using the marine database MARIS. The calculated concentrations of 137Cs in the seaweed and non-piscivorous and piscivorous pelagic fish mostly followed the concentration of 137Cs in water. The concentration in coastal predator fish lagged behind the concentration in water as a result of a diet that includes both pelagic and benthic organisms. The impact of each considered source on the total concentration of 137Cs in non-piscivorous fish in the regions of interest was analyzed. Whereas the contribution from global fallout dominated in 1960–1970, in 1970–1990, the contribution of 137Cs released from reprocessing plants exceeded the contributions from other sources in almost all considered regions. Secondary contamination due to river runoff was less than 4% of ocean influx. The maximum total inventory of 137Cs in the Arctic Ocean (31,122 TBq) was reached in 1988, whereas the corresponding inventory in the bottom sediment was approximately 6% of the total. The general agreement between simulated and observed 137Cs concentrations in water and bottom sediment was confirmed by the estimates of geometric mean and geometric standard deviation, which varied from 0.89 to 1.29 and from ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vladimir Maderich Kyeong Ok Kim Roman Bezhenar Kyung Tae Jung Vazira Martazinova Igor Brovchenko |
author_facet |
Vladimir Maderich Kyeong Ok Kim Roman Bezhenar Kyung Tae Jung Vazira Martazinova Igor Brovchenko |
author_sort |
Vladimir Maderich |
title |
Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans |
title_short |
Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans |
title_full |
Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans |
title_fullStr |
Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transport and Fate of 137Cs Released From Multiple Sources in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans |
title_sort |
transport and fate of 137cs released from multiple sources in the north atlantic and arctic oceans |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.806450 https://doaj.org/article/e194df31ade242ebadfd5af0c96b918d |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Nordic Seas North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Atlantic Arctic Atlantic-Arctic Nordic Seas North Atlantic |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.806450/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.806450 https://doaj.org/article/e194df31ade242ebadfd5af0c96b918d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.806450 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1776198312849833984 |