• Published in: TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
• Main Author: Henning Heiselberg
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Gdynia Maritime University 2020
• Subjects: arctic shipping; ship-iceberg detection; sentinel-1; synthetic aperture radar (sar); european space agency (esa); sar imagery; copernicus program; ground range detected; high resolution (grdh); Canals and inland navigation. Waterways; TC601-791; Transportation and communications; HE1-9990; Arctic; Iceberg*
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.14.01.30; https://doaj.org/article/e18b1e4c933e447698d5ee03e0cf5c6c

The European Space Agency Sentinel-1 satellites provide good resolution all weather SAR images. We describe algorithms for detection and classification of ships, icebergs and other objects at sea. Sidelobes from strongly reflecting objects as large ships are suppressed for better determination of ship parameters. The resulting improved ship lengths and breadths are larger than the ground truth values known from Automatic Identification System (AIS) data due to the limited resolution in the processing of the SAR images as compared to previous analyses of Sentinel-2 optical images. The limited resolution in SAR imagery degrades spatial classification algorithms but it is found that the backscatter horizontal and vertical polarizations can be exploited to distinguish icebergs in the Arctic from large ships but not small boats or wakes.