The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere
MaCWAVE ( M ountain a nd C onvective W aves A scending VE rtically) was a highly coordinated rocket, ground-based, and satellite program designed to address gravity wave forcing of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The MaCWAVE program was conducted at the Norwegian Andøya Rocket Range (AR...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e17887a91ca44b64b297c878df28d077 2023-05-15T13:25:44+02:00 The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere R. A. Goldberg D. C. Fritts F. J. Schmidlin B. P. Williams C. L. Croskey J. D. Mitchell M. Friedrich J. M. Russell III U. Blum K. H. Fricke 2006-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-1159-2006 https://doaj.org/article/e17887a91ca44b64b297c878df28d077 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.ann-geophys.net/24/1159/2006/angeo-24-1159-2006.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/0992-7689 https://doaj.org/toc/1432-0576 doi:10.5194/angeo-24-1159-2006 0992-7689 1432-0576 https://doaj.org/article/e17887a91ca44b64b297c878df28d077 Annales Geophysicae, Vol 24, Pp 1159-1173 (2006) Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 article 2006 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-1159-2006 2022-12-31T14:24:38Z MaCWAVE ( M ountain a nd C onvective W aves A scending VE rtically) was a highly coordinated rocket, ground-based, and satellite program designed to address gravity wave forcing of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The MaCWAVE program was conducted at the Norwegian Andøya Rocket Range (ARR, 69.3° N) in July2002, and continued at the Swedish Rocket Range (Esrange, 67.9° N) during January 2003. Correlative instrumentation included the ALOMAR MF and MST radars and RMR and Na lidars, Esrange MST and meteor radars and RMR lidar, radiosondes, and TIMED ( T hermosphere I onosphere M esosphere E nergetics and D ynamics) satellite measurements of thermal structures. The data have been used to define both the mean fields and the wave field structures and turbulence generation leading to forcing of the large-scale flow. In summer, launch sequences coupled with ground-based measurements at ARR addressed the forcing of the summer mesopause environment by anticipated convective and shear generated gravity waves. These motions were measured with two 12-h rocket sequences, each involving one Terrier-Orion payload accompanied by a mix of MET rockets, all at ARR in Norway. The MET rockets were used to define the temperature and wind structure of the stratosphere and mesosphere. The Terrier-Orions were designed to measure small-scale plasma fluctuations and turbulence that might be induced by wave breaking in the mesosphere. For the summer series, three European MIDAS ( Mi ddle Atmosphere D ynamics a nd S tructure) rockets were also launched from ARR in coordination with the MaCWAVE payloads. These were designed to measure plasma and neutral turbulence within the MLT. The summer program exhibited a number of indications of significant departures of the mean wind and temperature structures from ``normal" polar summer conditions, including an unusually warm mesopause and a slowing of the formation of polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSE) and noctilucent clouds (NLC). This was suggested to be due to enhanced planetary ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Andøya Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Norway Esrange ENVELOPE(21.117,21.117,67.883,67.883) Andøya ENVELOPE(13.982,13.982,68.185,68.185) Alomar ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) Orion ENVELOPE(-59.800,-59.800,-62.438,-62.438) Annales Geophysicae 24 4 1159 1173 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
spellingShingle |
Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 R. A. Goldberg D. C. Fritts F. J. Schmidlin B. P. Williams C. L. Croskey J. D. Mitchell M. Friedrich J. M. Russell III U. Blum K. H. Fricke The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere |
topic_facet |
Science Q Physics QC1-999 Geophysics. Cosmic physics QC801-809 |
description |
MaCWAVE ( M ountain a nd C onvective W aves A scending VE rtically) was a highly coordinated rocket, ground-based, and satellite program designed to address gravity wave forcing of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The MaCWAVE program was conducted at the Norwegian Andøya Rocket Range (ARR, 69.3° N) in July2002, and continued at the Swedish Rocket Range (Esrange, 67.9° N) during January 2003. Correlative instrumentation included the ALOMAR MF and MST radars and RMR and Na lidars, Esrange MST and meteor radars and RMR lidar, radiosondes, and TIMED ( T hermosphere I onosphere M esosphere E nergetics and D ynamics) satellite measurements of thermal structures. The data have been used to define both the mean fields and the wave field structures and turbulence generation leading to forcing of the large-scale flow. In summer, launch sequences coupled with ground-based measurements at ARR addressed the forcing of the summer mesopause environment by anticipated convective and shear generated gravity waves. These motions were measured with two 12-h rocket sequences, each involving one Terrier-Orion payload accompanied by a mix of MET rockets, all at ARR in Norway. The MET rockets were used to define the temperature and wind structure of the stratosphere and mesosphere. The Terrier-Orions were designed to measure small-scale plasma fluctuations and turbulence that might be induced by wave breaking in the mesosphere. For the summer series, three European MIDAS ( Mi ddle Atmosphere D ynamics a nd S tructure) rockets were also launched from ARR in coordination with the MaCWAVE payloads. These were designed to measure plasma and neutral turbulence within the MLT. The summer program exhibited a number of indications of significant departures of the mean wind and temperature structures from ``normal" polar summer conditions, including an unusually warm mesopause and a slowing of the formation of polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSE) and noctilucent clouds (NLC). This was suggested to be due to enhanced planetary ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
R. A. Goldberg D. C. Fritts F. J. Schmidlin B. P. Williams C. L. Croskey J. D. Mitchell M. Friedrich J. M. Russell III U. Blum K. H. Fricke |
author_facet |
R. A. Goldberg D. C. Fritts F. J. Schmidlin B. P. Williams C. L. Croskey J. D. Mitchell M. Friedrich J. M. Russell III U. Blum K. H. Fricke |
author_sort |
R. A. Goldberg |
title |
The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere |
title_short |
The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere |
title_full |
The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere |
title_fullStr |
The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
The MaCWAVE program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere |
title_sort |
macwave program to study gravity wave influences on the polar mesosphere |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-1159-2006 https://doaj.org/article/e17887a91ca44b64b297c878df28d077 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(21.117,21.117,67.883,67.883) ENVELOPE(13.982,13.982,68.185,68.185) ENVELOPE(-67.083,-67.083,-68.133,-68.133) ENVELOPE(-59.800,-59.800,-62.438,-62.438) |
geographic |
Norway Esrange Andøya Alomar Orion |
geographic_facet |
Norway Esrange Andøya Alomar Orion |
genre |
Andøya |
genre_facet |
Andøya |
op_source |
Annales Geophysicae, Vol 24, Pp 1159-1173 (2006) |
op_relation |
https://www.ann-geophys.net/24/1159/2006/angeo-24-1159-2006.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/0992-7689 https://doaj.org/toc/1432-0576 doi:10.5194/angeo-24-1159-2006 0992-7689 1432-0576 https://doaj.org/article/e17887a91ca44b64b297c878df28d077 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-1159-2006 |
container_title |
Annales Geophysicae |
container_volume |
24 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1159 |
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