Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests
Compared to most other forest ecosystems, circumpolar boreal and subarctic forests have few tree species, and are prone to mass outbreaks of herbivorous insects. A short growing season with long days allows rapid plant growth, which will be stimulated by predicted warming of polar areas. Emissions o...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082283 https://doaj.org/article/e0de79a324ff4e069f0ee13f40f97dd9 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e0de79a324ff4e069f0ee13f40f97dd9 2023-05-15T18:28:08+02:00 Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests H. Yu J. K. Holopainen M. Kivimäenpää A. Virtanen J. D. Blande 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082283 https://doaj.org/article/e0de79a324ff4e069f0ee13f40f97dd9 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/8/2283 https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049 doi:10.3390/molecules26082283 1420-3049 https://doaj.org/article/e0de79a324ff4e069f0ee13f40f97dd9 Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 2283, p 2283 (2021) drought herbivory secondary organic aerosols volatile organic compounds warming boreal forest Organic chemistry QD241-441 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082283 2022-12-31T09:24:08Z Compared to most other forest ecosystems, circumpolar boreal and subarctic forests have few tree species, and are prone to mass outbreaks of herbivorous insects. A short growing season with long days allows rapid plant growth, which will be stimulated by predicted warming of polar areas. Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) from soil and vegetation could be substantial on sunny and warm days and biotic stress may accelerate emission rates. In the atmosphere, BVOCs are involved in various gas-phase chemical reactions within and above forest canopies. Importantly, the oxidation of BVOCs leads to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. SOA particles scatter and absorb solar radiation and grow to form cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and participate in cloud formation. Through BVOC and moisture release and SOA formation and condensation processes, vegetation has the capacity to affect the abiotic environment at the ecosystem scale. Recent BVOC literature indicates that both temperature and herbivory have a major impact on BVOC emissions released by woody species. Boreal conifer forest is the largest terrestrial biome and could be one of the largest sources of biogenic mono- and sesquiterpene emissions due to the capacity of conifer trees to store terpene-rich resins in resin canals above and belowground. Elevated temperature promotes increased diffusion of BVOCs from resin stores. Moreover, insect damage can break resin canals in needles, bark, and xylem and cause distinctive bursts of BVOCs during outbreaks. In the subarctic, mountain birch forests have cyclic outbreaks of Geometrid moths. During outbreaks, trees are often completely defoliated leading to an absence of BVOC-emitting foliage. However, in the years following an outbreak there is extended shoot growth, a greater number of leaves, and greater density of glandular trichomes that store BVOCs. This can lead to a delayed chemical defense response resulting in the highest BVOC emission rates from subarctic forest in the 1–3 years after ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Subarctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Molecules 26 8 2283 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
drought herbivory secondary organic aerosols volatile organic compounds warming boreal forest Organic chemistry QD241-441 |
spellingShingle |
drought herbivory secondary organic aerosols volatile organic compounds warming boreal forest Organic chemistry QD241-441 H. Yu J. K. Holopainen M. Kivimäenpää A. Virtanen J. D. Blande Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests |
topic_facet |
drought herbivory secondary organic aerosols volatile organic compounds warming boreal forest Organic chemistry QD241-441 |
description |
Compared to most other forest ecosystems, circumpolar boreal and subarctic forests have few tree species, and are prone to mass outbreaks of herbivorous insects. A short growing season with long days allows rapid plant growth, which will be stimulated by predicted warming of polar areas. Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) from soil and vegetation could be substantial on sunny and warm days and biotic stress may accelerate emission rates. In the atmosphere, BVOCs are involved in various gas-phase chemical reactions within and above forest canopies. Importantly, the oxidation of BVOCs leads to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. SOA particles scatter and absorb solar radiation and grow to form cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and participate in cloud formation. Through BVOC and moisture release and SOA formation and condensation processes, vegetation has the capacity to affect the abiotic environment at the ecosystem scale. Recent BVOC literature indicates that both temperature and herbivory have a major impact on BVOC emissions released by woody species. Boreal conifer forest is the largest terrestrial biome and could be one of the largest sources of biogenic mono- and sesquiterpene emissions due to the capacity of conifer trees to store terpene-rich resins in resin canals above and belowground. Elevated temperature promotes increased diffusion of BVOCs from resin stores. Moreover, insect damage can break resin canals in needles, bark, and xylem and cause distinctive bursts of BVOCs during outbreaks. In the subarctic, mountain birch forests have cyclic outbreaks of Geometrid moths. During outbreaks, trees are often completely defoliated leading to an absence of BVOC-emitting foliage. However, in the years following an outbreak there is extended shoot growth, a greater number of leaves, and greater density of glandular trichomes that store BVOCs. This can lead to a delayed chemical defense response resulting in the highest BVOC emission rates from subarctic forest in the 1–3 years after ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
H. Yu J. K. Holopainen M. Kivimäenpää A. Virtanen J. D. Blande |
author_facet |
H. Yu J. K. Holopainen M. Kivimäenpää A. Virtanen J. D. Blande |
author_sort |
H. Yu |
title |
Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests |
title_short |
Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests |
title_full |
Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests |
title_fullStr |
Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests |
title_full_unstemmed |
Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests |
title_sort |
potential of climate change and herbivory to affect the release and atmospheric reactions of bvocs from boreal and subarctic forests |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082283 https://doaj.org/article/e0de79a324ff4e069f0ee13f40f97dd9 |
genre |
Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Subarctic |
op_source |
Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 2283, p 2283 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/8/2283 https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049 doi:10.3390/molecules26082283 1420-3049 https://doaj.org/article/e0de79a324ff4e069f0ee13f40f97dd9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082283 |
container_title |
Molecules |
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26 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
2283 |
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1766210495128272896 |