Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea)
Luminescent derivatives of benzanthrone are becoming more useful based on their light-absorbing and fluorescent-emitting properties. Our previous studies showed that luminescent staining properties of the same benzanthrone dye differ for variable parasite samples. Therefore, two types of benzanthron...
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2021
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e095172c2f0f462b871a59030f3071e8 2023-05-15T13:13:30+02:00 Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea) Ilze Rubenina Inese Gavarane Elena Kirilova Ligita Mezaraupe Muza Kirjusina 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040598 https://doaj.org/article/e095172c2f0f462b871a59030f3071e8 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/4/598 https://doaj.org/toc/2218-273X doi:10.3390/biom11040598 2218-273X https://doaj.org/article/e095172c2f0f462b871a59030f3071e8 Biomolecules, Vol 11, Iss 598, p 598 (2021) Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha trematode moose benzanthrone luminescent dye confocal laser scanning microscopy Microbiology QR1-502 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040598 2022-12-31T15:48:43Z Luminescent derivatives of benzanthrone are becoming more useful based on their light-absorbing and fluorescent-emitting properties. Our previous studies showed that luminescent staining properties of the same benzanthrone dye differ for variable parasite samples. Therefore, two types of benzanthrone dyes were prepared. One has a strongly basic amidine group and a halogen atom, and the other has an amide moiety and a tertiary amine group. Trematoda Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha is a liver fluke of a moose ( Alces alces ) and has a significant influence on the health and abundance of the moose population. Staining protocols for parasite P. fasciolaemorpha specific organ or organ systems imaging are mostly time-consuming and labor-intensive. The study aimed to compare the fixation technique and the staining protocol by synthesized benzanthrone luminescent dyes to determine detailed morphology, anatomical arrangement of the organ systems and gross organization of the muscle layers of P. fasciolaemorpha using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Luminophores were tested for samples fixed in different fixatives. Developed dyes and staining protocol resulting in imaging of all parts of trematode without additional sample preparation procedures, which usually are required for parasite examination. Obtained results confirmed that the most qualitative results could be reached using 3-N-(2-piperidinylacetamido)benzanthrone dye which has amide moiety and a tertiary amine group. Based on obtained results, 3-N-(2-piperidinylacetamido)benzanthrone gave more qualitative parasite visualization than 2-bromo-3-N-(N′,N′-dimethylformamidino)benzanthrone. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Biomolecules 11 4 598 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha trematode moose benzanthrone luminescent dye confocal laser scanning microscopy Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha trematode moose benzanthrone luminescent dye confocal laser scanning microscopy Microbiology QR1-502 Ilze Rubenina Inese Gavarane Elena Kirilova Ligita Mezaraupe Muza Kirjusina Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea) |
topic_facet |
Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha trematode moose benzanthrone luminescent dye confocal laser scanning microscopy Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
Luminescent derivatives of benzanthrone are becoming more useful based on their light-absorbing and fluorescent-emitting properties. Our previous studies showed that luminescent staining properties of the same benzanthrone dye differ for variable parasite samples. Therefore, two types of benzanthrone dyes were prepared. One has a strongly basic amidine group and a halogen atom, and the other has an amide moiety and a tertiary amine group. Trematoda Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha is a liver fluke of a moose ( Alces alces ) and has a significant influence on the health and abundance of the moose population. Staining protocols for parasite P. fasciolaemorpha specific organ or organ systems imaging are mostly time-consuming and labor-intensive. The study aimed to compare the fixation technique and the staining protocol by synthesized benzanthrone luminescent dyes to determine detailed morphology, anatomical arrangement of the organ systems and gross organization of the muscle layers of P. fasciolaemorpha using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Luminophores were tested for samples fixed in different fixatives. Developed dyes and staining protocol resulting in imaging of all parts of trematode without additional sample preparation procedures, which usually are required for parasite examination. Obtained results confirmed that the most qualitative results could be reached using 3-N-(2-piperidinylacetamido)benzanthrone dye which has amide moiety and a tertiary amine group. Based on obtained results, 3-N-(2-piperidinylacetamido)benzanthrone gave more qualitative parasite visualization than 2-bromo-3-N-(N′,N′-dimethylformamidino)benzanthrone. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ilze Rubenina Inese Gavarane Elena Kirilova Ligita Mezaraupe Muza Kirjusina |
author_facet |
Ilze Rubenina Inese Gavarane Elena Kirilova Ligita Mezaraupe Muza Kirjusina |
author_sort |
Ilze Rubenina |
title |
Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea) |
title_short |
Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea) |
title_full |
Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea) |
title_fullStr |
Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison of the Benzanthrone Luminophores: They Are Not Equal for Rapid Examination of Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (Trematoda: Digenea) |
title_sort |
comparison of the benzanthrone luminophores: they are not equal for rapid examination of parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha (trematoda: digenea) |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040598 https://doaj.org/article/e095172c2f0f462b871a59030f3071e8 |
genre |
Alces alces |
genre_facet |
Alces alces |
op_source |
Biomolecules, Vol 11, Iss 598, p 598 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/4/598 https://doaj.org/toc/2218-273X doi:10.3390/biom11040598 2218-273X https://doaj.org/article/e095172c2f0f462b871a59030f3071e8 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040598 |
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Biomolecules |
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11 |
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4 |
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598 |
_version_ |
1766258777483378688 |