Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea.
Reduced antimicrobial susceptibility threatens treatment efficacy in sub-Saharan Africa, where data on the burden and correlates of antibiotic resistance among enteric pathogens are limited.Fecal samples from children aged 6 mos-15 yrs presenting with acute diarrhea in western Kenya were cultured fo...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e061f09c1740403c8975c78186eb83ce 2023-05-15T15:10:02+02:00 Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea. Rebecca L Brander Judd L Walson Grace C John-Stewart Jacqueline M Naulikha Janet Ndonye Nancy Kipkemoi Doreen Rwigi Benson O Singa Patricia B Pavlinac 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005974 https://doaj.org/article/e061f09c1740403c8975c78186eb83ce EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5638605?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005974 https://doaj.org/article/e061f09c1740403c8975c78186eb83ce PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 10, p e0005974 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005974 2022-12-31T13:35:31Z Reduced antimicrobial susceptibility threatens treatment efficacy in sub-Saharan Africa, where data on the burden and correlates of antibiotic resistance among enteric pathogens are limited.Fecal samples from children aged 6 mos-15 yrs presenting with acute diarrhea in western Kenya were cultured for bacterial pathogens. HIV-uninfected children with identified Shigella or Salmonella species or pathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC, ETEC, EAEC or EIEC) were included in this cross-sectional sub-study. Non-susceptibility to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and tetracycline was determined using MicroScan Walkaway40 Plus. Multivariable log-binomial regression was used to identify correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility (MDNS, non-susceptibility to ≥ 3 of these antibiotics).Of 292 included children, median age was 22.5 mos. MDNS was identified in 62.5% of 318 isolates. Non-susceptibility to cotrimoxazole (92.8%), ampicillin (81.3%), and tetracycline (75.0%) was common. Young age (6-24 mos vs. 24-59 mos adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.519 [95% confidence interval: 1.19, 1.91]), maternal HIV (aPR = 1.29 [1.01, 1.66]); and acute malnutrition (aPR = 1.28 [1.06, 1.55]) were associated with higher prevalence of MDNS, as were open defecation (aPR = 2.25 [1.13, 4.50]), household crowding (aPR = 1.29 [1.08, 1.53]) and infrequent caregiver hand-washing (aPR = 1.50 [1.15, 1.95]).Young age, HIV exposure, acute malnutrition and poor sanitation may increase risk of antibiotic non-susceptible enteric pathogen infections among children in Kenya. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 10 e0005974 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Rebecca L Brander Judd L Walson Grace C John-Stewart Jacqueline M Naulikha Janet Ndonye Nancy Kipkemoi Doreen Rwigi Benson O Singa Patricia B Pavlinac Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Reduced antimicrobial susceptibility threatens treatment efficacy in sub-Saharan Africa, where data on the burden and correlates of antibiotic resistance among enteric pathogens are limited.Fecal samples from children aged 6 mos-15 yrs presenting with acute diarrhea in western Kenya were cultured for bacterial pathogens. HIV-uninfected children with identified Shigella or Salmonella species or pathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC, ETEC, EAEC or EIEC) were included in this cross-sectional sub-study. Non-susceptibility to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and tetracycline was determined using MicroScan Walkaway40 Plus. Multivariable log-binomial regression was used to identify correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility (MDNS, non-susceptibility to ≥ 3 of these antibiotics).Of 292 included children, median age was 22.5 mos. MDNS was identified in 62.5% of 318 isolates. Non-susceptibility to cotrimoxazole (92.8%), ampicillin (81.3%), and tetracycline (75.0%) was common. Young age (6-24 mos vs. 24-59 mos adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.519 [95% confidence interval: 1.19, 1.91]), maternal HIV (aPR = 1.29 [1.01, 1.66]); and acute malnutrition (aPR = 1.28 [1.06, 1.55]) were associated with higher prevalence of MDNS, as were open defecation (aPR = 2.25 [1.13, 4.50]), household crowding (aPR = 1.29 [1.08, 1.53]) and infrequent caregiver hand-washing (aPR = 1.50 [1.15, 1.95]).Young age, HIV exposure, acute malnutrition and poor sanitation may increase risk of antibiotic non-susceptible enteric pathogen infections among children in Kenya. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rebecca L Brander Judd L Walson Grace C John-Stewart Jacqueline M Naulikha Janet Ndonye Nancy Kipkemoi Doreen Rwigi Benson O Singa Patricia B Pavlinac |
author_facet |
Rebecca L Brander Judd L Walson Grace C John-Stewart Jacqueline M Naulikha Janet Ndonye Nancy Kipkemoi Doreen Rwigi Benson O Singa Patricia B Pavlinac |
author_sort |
Rebecca L Brander |
title |
Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea. |
title_short |
Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea. |
title_full |
Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea. |
title_fullStr |
Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from Kenyan children with acute diarrhea. |
title_sort |
correlates of multi-drug non-susceptibility in enteric bacteria isolated from kenyan children with acute diarrhea. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005974 https://doaj.org/article/e061f09c1740403c8975c78186eb83ce |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 10, p e0005974 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5638605?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005974 https://doaj.org/article/e061f09c1740403c8975c78186eb83ce |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005974 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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11 |
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10 |
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e0005974 |
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