Orthobunyaviruses in the Caribbean: Melao and Oropouche virus infections in school children in Haiti in 2014.

• Published in: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
• Main Authors: Maha A Elbadry, Ricardo Durães-Carvalho, Gabriela M Blohm, Caroline J Stephenson, Julia C Loeb, Sarah K White, Taina Telisma, Sonese Chavannes, Valery M Beau De Rochars, Marco Salemi, J Glenn Morris, John A Lednicky
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
• Subjects: Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009494; https://doaj.org/article/dfabe912eabf4bc48af6da47db09fad0

We report the identification of two orthobunyaviruses, Melao virus (MELV) and Oropouche virus (OROV), in plasma specimens from Haitian children with acute febrile illness who presented during outbreaks caused by alpha- and flaviviruses in 2014. Heretofore not described as a human pathogen, MELV was isolated in cell culture from the plasma of five case patients. OROV RNA was detected in the plasma of an additional child, using an unbiased sequencing approach, with phylogenetic inference suggesting a close relationship with strains from Brazil. Abdominal pain was reported by four case patients with MELV infections, with lymphadenopathy noted in two cases. Our findings document the occurrence of these orthobunyaviruses within the Caribbean region and highlight the critical importance of surveillance with viral genome sequence analyses to identify outbreaks caused by these and other emerging viruses.