Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire
Abstract Background The objective of this study was to identify demographic, environmental and socioeconomic risk factors and spatial patterns of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area of Africa, and to specify how this information can facilitate improved malaria control at the...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:df8891afd9714e4ba70b21e0b2355a3b 2023-05-15T15:11:56+02:00 Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire Yapi Ahoua Singer Burton H Vounatsou Penelope Silué Kigbafori D Raso Giovanna Tanner Marcel Utzinger Jürg N'Goran Eliézer K 2009-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-252 https://doaj.org/article/df8891afd9714e4ba70b21e0b2355a3b EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/8/1/252 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-252 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/df8891afd9714e4ba70b21e0b2355a3b Malaria Journal, Vol 8, Iss 1, p 252 (2009) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2009 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-252 2022-12-31T00:40:03Z Abstract Background The objective of this study was to identify demographic, environmental and socioeconomic risk factors and spatial patterns of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area of Africa, and to specify how this information can facilitate improved malaria control at the district level. Methods A questionnaire was administered to about 4,000 schoolchildren in 55 schools in western Côte d'Ivoire to determine children's socioeconomic status and their habit of sleeping under bed nets. Environmental data were obtained from satellite images, digitized ground maps and a second questionnaire addressed to school directors. Finger prick blood samples were collected and P. falciparum parasitaemia determined under a microscope using standardized, quality-controlled methods. Bayesian variogram models were utilized for spatial risk modelling and mapping of P. falciparum parasitaemia at non-sampled locations, assuming stationary and non-stationary underlying spatial dependence. Results Two-thirds of the schoolchildren were infected with P. falciparum and the mean parasitaemia among infected children was 959 parasites/ μ l of blood. Age, socioeconomic status, not sleeping under a bed net, coverage rate with bed nets and environmental factors (e.g., normalized difference vegetation index, rainfall, land surface temperature and living in close proximity to standing water) were significantly associated with the risk of P. falciparum parasitaemia. After accounting for spatial correlation, age, bed net coverage, rainfall during the main malaria transmission season and distance to rivers remained significant covariates. Conclusion It is argued that a massive increase in bed net coverage, particularly in villages in close proximity to rivers, in concert with other control measures, is necessary to bring malaria endemicity down to intermediate or low levels. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 8 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Yapi Ahoua Singer Burton H Vounatsou Penelope Silué Kigbafori D Raso Giovanna Tanner Marcel Utzinger Jürg N'Goran Eliézer K Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background The objective of this study was to identify demographic, environmental and socioeconomic risk factors and spatial patterns of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area of Africa, and to specify how this information can facilitate improved malaria control at the district level. Methods A questionnaire was administered to about 4,000 schoolchildren in 55 schools in western Côte d'Ivoire to determine children's socioeconomic status and their habit of sleeping under bed nets. Environmental data were obtained from satellite images, digitized ground maps and a second questionnaire addressed to school directors. Finger prick blood samples were collected and P. falciparum parasitaemia determined under a microscope using standardized, quality-controlled methods. Bayesian variogram models were utilized for spatial risk modelling and mapping of P. falciparum parasitaemia at non-sampled locations, assuming stationary and non-stationary underlying spatial dependence. Results Two-thirds of the schoolchildren were infected with P. falciparum and the mean parasitaemia among infected children was 959 parasites/ μ l of blood. Age, socioeconomic status, not sleeping under a bed net, coverage rate with bed nets and environmental factors (e.g., normalized difference vegetation index, rainfall, land surface temperature and living in close proximity to standing water) were significantly associated with the risk of P. falciparum parasitaemia. After accounting for spatial correlation, age, bed net coverage, rainfall during the main malaria transmission season and distance to rivers remained significant covariates. Conclusion It is argued that a massive increase in bed net coverage, particularly in villages in close proximity to rivers, in concert with other control measures, is necessary to bring malaria endemicity down to intermediate or low levels. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yapi Ahoua Singer Burton H Vounatsou Penelope Silué Kigbafori D Raso Giovanna Tanner Marcel Utzinger Jürg N'Goran Eliézer K |
author_facet |
Yapi Ahoua Singer Burton H Vounatsou Penelope Silué Kigbafori D Raso Giovanna Tanner Marcel Utzinger Jürg N'Goran Eliézer K |
author_sort |
Yapi Ahoua |
title |
Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire |
title_short |
Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire |
title_full |
Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire |
title_fullStr |
Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire |
title_sort |
spatial risk profiling of plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in côte d'ivoire |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-252 https://doaj.org/article/df8891afd9714e4ba70b21e0b2355a3b |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 8, Iss 1, p 252 (2009) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/8/1/252 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-252 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/df8891afd9714e4ba70b21e0b2355a3b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-8-252 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766342702602911744 |