Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces
During the melt season, surface melting, bottom melting, and lateral melting co-occur in natural ice floes. The bottom melting rate is larger than the lateral melting rate, followed by the surface melting rate, and the smaller the size of an ice floe, the higher the lateral melting rate. To add the...
Published in: | Water |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111775 https://doaj.org/article/de76bbd01c7b4d629aff61b6f4dd9d9d |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:de76bbd01c7b4d629aff61b6f4dd9d9d |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:de76bbd01c7b4d629aff61b6f4dd9d9d 2023-05-15T15:11:15+02:00 Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces Zhijun Li Qingkai Wang Ge Li Peng Lu Zhiqun Wang Fei Xie 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111775 https://doaj.org/article/de76bbd01c7b4d629aff61b6f4dd9d9d EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/11/1775 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 doi:10.3390/w14111775 2073-4441 https://doaj.org/article/de76bbd01c7b4d629aff61b6f4dd9d9d Water, Vol 14, Iss 1775, p 1775 (2022) sea ice fresh-water ice parametrization scheme melting rate laboratory study Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111775 2022-12-30T23:17:25Z During the melt season, surface melting, bottom melting, and lateral melting co-occur in natural ice floes. The bottom melting rate is larger than the lateral melting rate, followed by the surface melting rate, and the smaller the size of an ice floe, the higher the lateral melting rate. To add the scale index of small-scale ice to the melting parametrization scheme, experiments on the melting process of sea ice and artificial fresh-water ice samples in the shape of a disc were carried out in a low-temperature laboratory, under conditions of no radiation, current, or wind, with controlled air and water temperatures. The variations of diameter, thickness, and mass of the ice discs were measured through the experiments. According to the experimental data, a new indicator was created using the ratio of the diameter to the thickness of an ice sample. Based on physical and statistical analyses, the relationships between the surface/bottom melting rates and temperature gradient were formulated. Additionally, the relationships among the lateral melting rate, temperature difference, and the ratio of the diameter to the thickness were also quantified. The equations can be applied to the melting parametrization scheme of ice for a range of diameters up to 100 m, which covers simulations of the energy and mass balance values of the Arctic sea ice and coastal freshwater ice during the summer melt season. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Water 14 11 1775 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
sea ice fresh-water ice parametrization scheme melting rate laboratory study Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
spellingShingle |
sea ice fresh-water ice parametrization scheme melting rate laboratory study Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Zhijun Li Qingkai Wang Ge Li Peng Lu Zhiqun Wang Fei Xie Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces |
topic_facet |
sea ice fresh-water ice parametrization scheme melting rate laboratory study Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 |
description |
During the melt season, surface melting, bottom melting, and lateral melting co-occur in natural ice floes. The bottom melting rate is larger than the lateral melting rate, followed by the surface melting rate, and the smaller the size of an ice floe, the higher the lateral melting rate. To add the scale index of small-scale ice to the melting parametrization scheme, experiments on the melting process of sea ice and artificial fresh-water ice samples in the shape of a disc were carried out in a low-temperature laboratory, under conditions of no radiation, current, or wind, with controlled air and water temperatures. The variations of diameter, thickness, and mass of the ice discs were measured through the experiments. According to the experimental data, a new indicator was created using the ratio of the diameter to the thickness of an ice sample. Based on physical and statistical analyses, the relationships between the surface/bottom melting rates and temperature gradient were formulated. Additionally, the relationships among the lateral melting rate, temperature difference, and the ratio of the diameter to the thickness were also quantified. The equations can be applied to the melting parametrization scheme of ice for a range of diameters up to 100 m, which covers simulations of the energy and mass balance values of the Arctic sea ice and coastal freshwater ice during the summer melt season. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zhijun Li Qingkai Wang Ge Li Peng Lu Zhiqun Wang Fei Xie |
author_facet |
Zhijun Li Qingkai Wang Ge Li Peng Lu Zhiqun Wang Fei Xie |
author_sort |
Zhijun Li |
title |
Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces |
title_short |
Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces |
title_full |
Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces |
title_fullStr |
Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces |
title_full_unstemmed |
Laboratory Studies on the Parametrization Scheme of the Melting Rate of Ice–Air and Ice–Water Interfaces |
title_sort |
laboratory studies on the parametrization scheme of the melting rate of ice–air and ice–water interfaces |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111775 https://doaj.org/article/de76bbd01c7b4d629aff61b6f4dd9d9d |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Sea ice |
op_source |
Water, Vol 14, Iss 1775, p 1775 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/11/1775 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 doi:10.3390/w14111775 2073-4441 https://doaj.org/article/de76bbd01c7b4d629aff61b6f4dd9d9d |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111775 |
container_title |
Water |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
1775 |
_version_ |
1766342133627748352 |