Samsum ant venom modulates the immune response and redox status at the acute toxic dose in vivo

• Published in: Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases
• Main Authors: Hossam Ebaid, Bahaa Abdel-Salam, Ibrahim Alhazza, Jameel Al-Tamimi, Iftekhar Hassan, Ahmed Rady, Ashraf Mashaly, Ahmed Mahmoud, Reda Sammour
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: SciELO
• Subjects: Samsum ant venom; Polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs); Costimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86); Major histocompatibility complex (MHC); MHC-II; Interferon gamma (INF-γ); Interleukin-17 (IL-17); Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Toxicology. Poisons; RA1190-1270; Zoology; QL1-991; Arctic; Sav’
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0020; https://doaj.org/article/de56a1461719409cb0e2b4307e1b22a6

Abstract Background: Ant venoms express surface molecules that participate in antigen presentation involving pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This work aims to investigate the expression of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on the polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in rats injected with samsum ant venom (SAV). Methods: Rats were divided into three groups - control, SAV-treated (intraperitoneal route, 600 μg/kg), and SAV-treated (subcutaneous route, 600 μg/kg). After five doses, animals were euthanized and samples collected for analysis. Results: The subcutaneous SAV-trated rats presented decreased levels of glutathione with increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Intraperitoneal SAV-treated animals displayed significantly reduced concentrations of both IFN-γ and IL-17 in comparison with the control group. However, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous SAV-treated rats were able to upregulate the expressions of MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 on PMNs in comparison with the control respectively. The histological examination showed severe lymphocyte depletion in the splenic white pulp of the intraperitoneal SAV-injected rats. Conclusion: Stimulation of PMNs by SAV leads to upregulation of MHC-II, CD 80, and CD 86, which plays critical roles in antigen presentation and consequently proliferation of T-cells. Subcutaneous route was more efficient than intraperitoneal by elevating MHC-II, CD80 and CD86 expression, disturbing oxidative stability and increasing lipogram concentration.