Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation
In the present work, we simulate the Pliocene climate with the EC-Earth climate model as an equilibrium state for the current warming climate induced by rising CO 2 in the atmosphere. The simulated Pliocene climate shows a strong Arctic amplification featuring pronounced warming sea surface temperat...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:dd1c0575c59142a19c952b3b54b704fd 2023-05-15T13:11:05+02:00 Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation J. Zheng Q. Zhang Q. Li M. Cai 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-291-2019 https://doaj.org/article/dd1c0575c59142a19c952b3b54b704fd EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.clim-past.net/15/291/2019/cp-15-291-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 doi:10.5194/cp-15-291-2019 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/dd1c0575c59142a19c952b3b54b704fd Climate of the Past, Vol 15, Pp 291-305 (2019) Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-291-2019 2022-12-31T14:14:07Z In the present work, we simulate the Pliocene climate with the EC-Earth climate model as an equilibrium state for the current warming climate induced by rising CO 2 in the atmosphere. The simulated Pliocene climate shows a strong Arctic amplification featuring pronounced warming sea surface temperature (SST) over the North Atlantic, in particular over the Greenland Sea and Baffin Bay, which is comparable to geological SST reconstructions from the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping group (PRISM; Dowsett et al., 2016). To understand the underlying physical processes, the air–sea heat flux variation in response to Arctic sea ice change is quantitatively assessed by a climate feedback and response analysis method (CFRAM) and an approach similar to equilibrium feedback assessment. Given the fact that the maximum SST warming occurs in summer while the maximum surface air temperature warming happens during winter, our analyses show that a dominant ice-albedo effect is the main reason for summer SST warming, and a 1 % loss in sea ice concentration could lead to an approximate 1.8 W m −2 increase in shortwave solar radiation into open sea surface. During the winter months, the insulation effect induces enhanced turbulent heat flux out of the sea surface due to sea ice melting in previous summer months. This leads to more heat released from the ocean to the atmosphere, thus explaining why surface air temperature warming amplification is stronger in winter than in summer. Article in Journal/Newspaper albedo Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin Greenland Greenland Sea North Atlantic Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Baffin Bay Greenland Climate of the Past 15 1 291 305 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 J. Zheng Q. Zhang Q. Li M. Cai Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation |
topic_facet |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
In the present work, we simulate the Pliocene climate with the EC-Earth climate model as an equilibrium state for the current warming climate induced by rising CO 2 in the atmosphere. The simulated Pliocene climate shows a strong Arctic amplification featuring pronounced warming sea surface temperature (SST) over the North Atlantic, in particular over the Greenland Sea and Baffin Bay, which is comparable to geological SST reconstructions from the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping group (PRISM; Dowsett et al., 2016). To understand the underlying physical processes, the air–sea heat flux variation in response to Arctic sea ice change is quantitatively assessed by a climate feedback and response analysis method (CFRAM) and an approach similar to equilibrium feedback assessment. Given the fact that the maximum SST warming occurs in summer while the maximum surface air temperature warming happens during winter, our analyses show that a dominant ice-albedo effect is the main reason for summer SST warming, and a 1 % loss in sea ice concentration could lead to an approximate 1.8 W m −2 increase in shortwave solar radiation into open sea surface. During the winter months, the insulation effect induces enhanced turbulent heat flux out of the sea surface due to sea ice melting in previous summer months. This leads to more heat released from the ocean to the atmosphere, thus explaining why surface air temperature warming amplification is stronger in winter than in summer. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. Zheng Q. Zhang Q. Li M. Cai |
author_facet |
J. Zheng Q. Zhang Q. Li M. Cai |
author_sort |
J. Zheng |
title |
Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation |
title_short |
Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation |
title_full |
Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation |
title_fullStr |
Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to Arctic amplification in the EC-Earth Pliocene simulation |
title_sort |
contribution of sea ice albedo and insulation effects to arctic amplification in the ec-earth pliocene simulation |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-291-2019 https://doaj.org/article/dd1c0575c59142a19c952b3b54b704fd |
geographic |
Arctic Baffin Bay Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Baffin Bay Greenland |
genre |
albedo Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin Greenland Greenland Sea North Atlantic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin Greenland Greenland Sea North Atlantic Sea ice |
op_source |
Climate of the Past, Vol 15, Pp 291-305 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.clim-past.net/15/291/2019/cp-15-291-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 doi:10.5194/cp-15-291-2019 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/dd1c0575c59142a19c952b3b54b704fd |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-291-2019 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
291 |
op_container_end_page |
305 |
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1766245896827174912 |