Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula
In Antarctic coastal waters where nutrient limitations are low, viruses are expected to play a major role in the regulation of bloom events. Despite this, research in viral identification and dynamics is scarce, with limited information available for the Southern Ocean (SO). This study presents an i...
Published in: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014 https://doaj.org/article/dd06f4c9f54b4e239eca9478ddda4fd3 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:dd06f4c9f54b4e239eca9478ddda4fd3 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:dd06f4c9f54b4e239eca9478ddda4fd3 2023-05-15T13:44:53+02:00 Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula Tomás Alarcón-Schumacher Sergio Guajardo-Leiva Josefa Antón Beatriz Díez 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014 https://doaj.org/article/dd06f4c9f54b4e239eca9478ddda4fd3 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014 https://doaj.org/article/dd06f4c9f54b4e239eca9478ddda4fd3 Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 10 (2019) phytoplankton blooms Southern Ocean viruses environmental genomics viral ecology Microbiology QR1-502 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014 2022-12-31T14:29:14Z In Antarctic coastal waters where nutrient limitations are low, viruses are expected to play a major role in the regulation of bloom events. Despite this, research in viral identification and dynamics is scarce, with limited information available for the Southern Ocean (SO). This study presents an integrative-omics approach, comparing variation in the viral and microbial active communities on two contrasting sample conditions from a diatom-dominated phytoplankton bloom occurring in Chile Bay in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) in the summer of 2014. The known viral community, initially dominated by Myoviridae family (∼82% of the total assigned reads), changed to become dominated by Phycodnaviridae (∼90%), while viral activity was predominantly driven by dsDNA members of the Phycodnaviridae (∼50%) and diatom infecting ssRNA viruses (∼38%), becoming more significant as chlorophyll a increased. A genomic and phylogenetic characterization allowed the identification of a new viral lineage within the Myoviridae family. This new lineage of viruses infects Pseudoalteromonas and was dominant in the phage community. In addition, a new Phycodnavirus (PaV) was described, which is predicted to infect Phaeocystis antarctica, the main blooming haptophyte in the SO. This work was able to identify the changes in the main viral players during a bloom development and suggests that the changes observed in the virioplankton could be used as a model to understand the development and decay of blooms that occur throughout the WAP. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Southern Ocean Frontiers in Microbiology 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
phytoplankton blooms Southern Ocean viruses environmental genomics viral ecology Microbiology QR1-502 |
spellingShingle |
phytoplankton blooms Southern Ocean viruses environmental genomics viral ecology Microbiology QR1-502 Tomás Alarcón-Schumacher Sergio Guajardo-Leiva Josefa Antón Beatriz Díez Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula |
topic_facet |
phytoplankton blooms Southern Ocean viruses environmental genomics viral ecology Microbiology QR1-502 |
description |
In Antarctic coastal waters where nutrient limitations are low, viruses are expected to play a major role in the regulation of bloom events. Despite this, research in viral identification and dynamics is scarce, with limited information available for the Southern Ocean (SO). This study presents an integrative-omics approach, comparing variation in the viral and microbial active communities on two contrasting sample conditions from a diatom-dominated phytoplankton bloom occurring in Chile Bay in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) in the summer of 2014. The known viral community, initially dominated by Myoviridae family (∼82% of the total assigned reads), changed to become dominated by Phycodnaviridae (∼90%), while viral activity was predominantly driven by dsDNA members of the Phycodnaviridae (∼50%) and diatom infecting ssRNA viruses (∼38%), becoming more significant as chlorophyll a increased. A genomic and phylogenetic characterization allowed the identification of a new viral lineage within the Myoviridae family. This new lineage of viruses infects Pseudoalteromonas and was dominant in the phage community. In addition, a new Phycodnavirus (PaV) was described, which is predicted to infect Phaeocystis antarctica, the main blooming haptophyte in the SO. This work was able to identify the changes in the main viral players during a bloom development and suggests that the changes observed in the virioplankton could be used as a model to understand the development and decay of blooms that occur throughout the WAP. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tomás Alarcón-Schumacher Sergio Guajardo-Leiva Josefa Antón Beatriz Díez |
author_facet |
Tomás Alarcón-Schumacher Sergio Guajardo-Leiva Josefa Antón Beatriz Díez |
author_sort |
Tomás Alarcón-Schumacher |
title |
Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula |
title_short |
Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula |
title_full |
Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula |
title_fullStr |
Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula |
title_full_unstemmed |
Elucidating Viral Communities During a Phytoplankton Bloom on the West Antarctic Peninsula |
title_sort |
elucidating viral communities during a phytoplankton bloom on the west antarctic peninsula |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014 https://doaj.org/article/dd06f4c9f54b4e239eca9478ddda4fd3 |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol 10 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-302X 1664-302X doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014 https://doaj.org/article/dd06f4c9f54b4e239eca9478ddda4fd3 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01014 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
10 |
_version_ |
1766208189467983872 |