A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease.
Background Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) is considered as a useful indicator of past infection by Leishmania parasites. However, the temporal dynamics of a positive LST under different epidemiologic scenarios and whether it relates to the protection against the recurrence of an overt disease are not fu...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:dbbd974c7d934a1ea549309fd560450b 2023-05-15T15:13:20+02:00 A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. Jihène Bettaieb Amine Toumi Wissem Ghawar Sadok Chlif Mariem Nouira Nabil Belhaj-Hamida Adel Gharbi Nissaf Ben-Alaya Dhafer Laouini Hechmi Louzir Koussay Dellagi Afif Ben Salah 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 https://doaj.org/article/dbbd974c7d934a1ea549309fd560450b EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 https://doaj.org/article/dbbd974c7d934a1ea549309fd560450b PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 8, p e0008550 (2020) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 2022-12-30T21:06:54Z Background Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) is considered as a useful indicator of past infection by Leishmania parasites. However, the temporal dynamics of a positive LST under different epidemiologic scenarios and whether it relates to the protection against the recurrence of an overt disease are not fully documented. Methodology/principal findings We report here on a population based prospective study conducted on 2686 individuals living in two foci located in Central Tunisia, to assess over a one-year epidemiologic season, the incidence of Leishmania (L.) major infection and disease and changes in LST reactivity. The two foci were both endemic for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) due to L. major, but contrasted in their history for this disease (ie: an old focus versus a recent focus). We found that most infections occurred in the new focus (290/1000; 95% CI: 265-315 person-years) with an incidence rate of CL lesions 2.4 times higher than in the old focus. Likewise, the rates of LST reactivity reversion and loss, in the new focus, were 99/1000[38-116] person-years and 14/1000[8-21] person-years, respectively. Loss of LST reactivity was not noticed in the old focus. Interestingly, the incidence rates of symptomatic infection did not differ significantly according to the LST status at enrolment (negative versus positive) between the combined foci and the new one. Conclusions/significance Our findings confirm LST as a good tool for assessing L. major cryptic infection. However, the instability of the LST positivity in new foci should be considered as an important confounder of the outcome of this infection when developing a research protocol for vaccine trial. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14 8 e0008550 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Jihène Bettaieb Amine Toumi Wissem Ghawar Sadok Chlif Mariem Nouira Nabil Belhaj-Hamida Adel Gharbi Nissaf Ben-Alaya Dhafer Laouini Hechmi Louzir Koussay Dellagi Afif Ben Salah A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) is considered as a useful indicator of past infection by Leishmania parasites. However, the temporal dynamics of a positive LST under different epidemiologic scenarios and whether it relates to the protection against the recurrence of an overt disease are not fully documented. Methodology/principal findings We report here on a population based prospective study conducted on 2686 individuals living in two foci located in Central Tunisia, to assess over a one-year epidemiologic season, the incidence of Leishmania (L.) major infection and disease and changes in LST reactivity. The two foci were both endemic for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) due to L. major, but contrasted in their history for this disease (ie: an old focus versus a recent focus). We found that most infections occurred in the new focus (290/1000; 95% CI: 265-315 person-years) with an incidence rate of CL lesions 2.4 times higher than in the old focus. Likewise, the rates of LST reactivity reversion and loss, in the new focus, were 99/1000[38-116] person-years and 14/1000[8-21] person-years, respectively. Loss of LST reactivity was not noticed in the old focus. Interestingly, the incidence rates of symptomatic infection did not differ significantly according to the LST status at enrolment (negative versus positive) between the combined foci and the new one. Conclusions/significance Our findings confirm LST as a good tool for assessing L. major cryptic infection. However, the instability of the LST positivity in new foci should be considered as an important confounder of the outcome of this infection when developing a research protocol for vaccine trial. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jihène Bettaieb Amine Toumi Wissem Ghawar Sadok Chlif Mariem Nouira Nabil Belhaj-Hamida Adel Gharbi Nissaf Ben-Alaya Dhafer Laouini Hechmi Louzir Koussay Dellagi Afif Ben Salah |
author_facet |
Jihène Bettaieb Amine Toumi Wissem Ghawar Sadok Chlif Mariem Nouira Nabil Belhaj-Hamida Adel Gharbi Nissaf Ben-Alaya Dhafer Laouini Hechmi Louzir Koussay Dellagi Afif Ben Salah |
author_sort |
Jihène Bettaieb |
title |
A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. |
title_short |
A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. |
title_full |
A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. |
title_fullStr |
A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. |
title_full_unstemmed |
A prospective cohort study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major: Dynamics of the Leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. |
title_sort |
prospective cohort study of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania major: dynamics of the leishmanin skin test and its predictive value for protection against infection and disease. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 https://doaj.org/article/dbbd974c7d934a1ea549309fd560450b |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 8, p e0008550 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 https://doaj.org/article/dbbd974c7d934a1ea549309fd560450b |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008550 |
container_title |
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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14 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
e0008550 |
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1766343904144130048 |