Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean.
Chemosynthetic primary production by microbes supports abundant faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with zonation of invertebrate species typically occurring along physico-chemical gradients. Recently discovered vent fields on the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) in the Southern Ocean represen...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:db5e5e1a3e0542c99ab56f24e08b5399 2023-05-15T18:25:18+02:00 Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. Leigh Marsh Jonathan T Copley Veerle A I Huvenne Katrin Linse William D K Reid Alex D Rogers Christopher J Sweeting Paul A Tyler 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048348 https://doaj.org/article/db5e5e1a3e0542c99ab56f24e08b5399 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3483289?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048348 https://doaj.org/article/db5e5e1a3e0542c99ab56f24e08b5399 PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 10, p e48348 (2012) Medicine R Science Q article 2012 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048348 2022-12-31T03:28:19Z Chemosynthetic primary production by microbes supports abundant faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with zonation of invertebrate species typically occurring along physico-chemical gradients. Recently discovered vent fields on the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) in the Southern Ocean represent a new province of vent biogeography, but the spatial dynamics of their distinct fauna have yet to be elucidated. This study determines patterns of faunal zonation, species associations, and relationships between faunal microdistribution and hydrothermal activity in a vent field at a depth of 2,400 m on the ESR. Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives obtained high-definition imagery of three chimney structures with varying levels of hydrothermal activity, and a mosaic image of >250 m(2) of seafloor co-registered with temperature measurements. Analysis of faunal microdistribution within the mosaiced seafloor reveals a consistent pattern of faunal zonation with increasing distance from vent sources and peak temperatures. Assemblages closest to vent sources are visibly dominated by a new species of anomuran crab, Kiwa n. sp. (abundance >700 individuals m(-2)), followed by a peltospiroid gastropod (>1,500 individuals m(-2)), eolepadid barnacle (>1,500 individuals m(-2)), and carnivorous actinostolid anemone (>30 individuals m(-2)). Peripheral fauna are not dominated by a single taxon, but include predatory and scavenger taxa such as stichasterid seastars, pycnogonids and octopus. Variation in faunal microdistribution on chimneys with differing levels of activity suggests a possible successional sequence for vent fauna in this new biogeographic province. An increase in δ(34)S values of primary consumers with distance from vent sources, and variation in their δ(13)C values also indicate possible zonation of nutritional modes of the vent fauna. By using ROV videography to obtain a high-resolution representation of a vent environment over a greater extent than previous studies, these results provide a baseline ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles East Scotia Ridge ENVELOPE(-29.250,-29.250,-57.917,-57.917) Southern Ocean PLoS ONE 7 10 e48348 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Medicine R Science Q Leigh Marsh Jonathan T Copley Veerle A I Huvenne Katrin Linse William D K Reid Alex D Rogers Christopher J Sweeting Paul A Tyler Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Chemosynthetic primary production by microbes supports abundant faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, with zonation of invertebrate species typically occurring along physico-chemical gradients. Recently discovered vent fields on the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) in the Southern Ocean represent a new province of vent biogeography, but the spatial dynamics of their distinct fauna have yet to be elucidated. This study determines patterns of faunal zonation, species associations, and relationships between faunal microdistribution and hydrothermal activity in a vent field at a depth of 2,400 m on the ESR. Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives obtained high-definition imagery of three chimney structures with varying levels of hydrothermal activity, and a mosaic image of >250 m(2) of seafloor co-registered with temperature measurements. Analysis of faunal microdistribution within the mosaiced seafloor reveals a consistent pattern of faunal zonation with increasing distance from vent sources and peak temperatures. Assemblages closest to vent sources are visibly dominated by a new species of anomuran crab, Kiwa n. sp. (abundance >700 individuals m(-2)), followed by a peltospiroid gastropod (>1,500 individuals m(-2)), eolepadid barnacle (>1,500 individuals m(-2)), and carnivorous actinostolid anemone (>30 individuals m(-2)). Peripheral fauna are not dominated by a single taxon, but include predatory and scavenger taxa such as stichasterid seastars, pycnogonids and octopus. Variation in faunal microdistribution on chimneys with differing levels of activity suggests a possible successional sequence for vent fauna in this new biogeographic province. An increase in δ(34)S values of primary consumers with distance from vent sources, and variation in their δ(13)C values also indicate possible zonation of nutritional modes of the vent fauna. By using ROV videography to obtain a high-resolution representation of a vent environment over a greater extent than previous studies, these results provide a baseline ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leigh Marsh Jonathan T Copley Veerle A I Huvenne Katrin Linse William D K Reid Alex D Rogers Christopher J Sweeting Paul A Tyler |
author_facet |
Leigh Marsh Jonathan T Copley Veerle A I Huvenne Katrin Linse William D K Reid Alex D Rogers Christopher J Sweeting Paul A Tyler |
author_sort |
Leigh Marsh |
title |
Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. |
title_short |
Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. |
title_full |
Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. |
title_fullStr |
Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. |
title_sort |
microdistribution of faunal assemblages at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the southern ocean. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048348 https://doaj.org/article/db5e5e1a3e0542c99ab56f24e08b5399 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-29.250,-29.250,-57.917,-57.917) |
geographic |
East Scotia Ridge Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
East Scotia Ridge Southern Ocean |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 10, p e48348 (2012) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3483289?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048348 https://doaj.org/article/db5e5e1a3e0542c99ab56f24e08b5399 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048348 |
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PLoS ONE |
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7 |
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10 |
container_start_page |
e48348 |
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