Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas.
BACKGROUND:In the Americas, yellow fever virus transmission is a latent threat due to the proximity between urban and wild environments. Although yellow fever has nearly vanished from North and Central America, there are still 13 countries in the Americas considered endemic by the World Health Organ...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:db26ba7127f5464fb62ade1285baf8cc 2023-05-15T15:15:12+02:00 Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas. Patricia Najera Hamrick Sylvain Aldighieri Gustavo Machado Deise Galan Leonel Luz Maria Vilca Sonia Uriona Maria Cristina Schneider 2017-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005897 https://doaj.org/article/db26ba7127f5464fb62ade1285baf8cc EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5607216?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005897 https://doaj.org/article/db26ba7127f5464fb62ade1285baf8cc PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 9, p e0005897 (2017) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005897 2022-12-31T01:35:07Z BACKGROUND:In the Americas, yellow fever virus transmission is a latent threat due to the proximity between urban and wild environments. Although yellow fever has nearly vanished from North and Central America, there are still 13 countries in the Americas considered endemic by the World Health Organization. Human cases usually occur as a result of the exposure to sylvatic yellow fever in tropical forested environments; but urban outbreaks reported during the last decade demonstrate that the risk in this environment still exists. The objective of this study was to identify spatial patterns and the relationship between key geographic and environmental factors with the distribution of yellow fever human cases in the Americas. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:An ecological study was carried out to analyze yellow fever human cases reported to the Pan American Health Organization from 2000 to 2014, aggregated by second administrative level subdivisions (counties). Presence of yellow fever by county was used as the outcome variable and eight geo-environmental factors were used as independent variables. Spatial analysis was performed to identify and examine natural settings per county. Subsequently, a multivariable logistic regression model was built. During the study period, 1,164 cases were reported in eight out of the 13 endemic countries. Nearly 83.8% of these cases were concentrated in three countries: Peru (37.4%), Brazil (28.1%) and Colombia (18.4%); and distributed in 57 states/provinces, specifically in 286 counties (3.4% of total counties). Yellow fever presence was significantly associated with altitude, rain, diversity of non-human primate hosts and temperature. A positive spatial autocorrelation revealed a clustered geographic pattern in 138/286 yellow fever positive counties (48.3%). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:A clustered geographic pattern of yellow fever was identified mostly along the Andes eastern foothills. This risk map could support health policies in endemic countries. Geo-environmental factors ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11 9 e0005897 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Patricia Najera Hamrick Sylvain Aldighieri Gustavo Machado Deise Galan Leonel Luz Maria Vilca Sonia Uriona Maria Cristina Schneider Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
BACKGROUND:In the Americas, yellow fever virus transmission is a latent threat due to the proximity between urban and wild environments. Although yellow fever has nearly vanished from North and Central America, there are still 13 countries in the Americas considered endemic by the World Health Organization. Human cases usually occur as a result of the exposure to sylvatic yellow fever in tropical forested environments; but urban outbreaks reported during the last decade demonstrate that the risk in this environment still exists. The objective of this study was to identify spatial patterns and the relationship between key geographic and environmental factors with the distribution of yellow fever human cases in the Americas. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:An ecological study was carried out to analyze yellow fever human cases reported to the Pan American Health Organization from 2000 to 2014, aggregated by second administrative level subdivisions (counties). Presence of yellow fever by county was used as the outcome variable and eight geo-environmental factors were used as independent variables. Spatial analysis was performed to identify and examine natural settings per county. Subsequently, a multivariable logistic regression model was built. During the study period, 1,164 cases were reported in eight out of the 13 endemic countries. Nearly 83.8% of these cases were concentrated in three countries: Peru (37.4%), Brazil (28.1%) and Colombia (18.4%); and distributed in 57 states/provinces, specifically in 286 counties (3.4% of total counties). Yellow fever presence was significantly associated with altitude, rain, diversity of non-human primate hosts and temperature. A positive spatial autocorrelation revealed a clustered geographic pattern in 138/286 yellow fever positive counties (48.3%). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:A clustered geographic pattern of yellow fever was identified mostly along the Andes eastern foothills. This risk map could support health policies in endemic countries. Geo-environmental factors ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Patricia Najera Hamrick Sylvain Aldighieri Gustavo Machado Deise Galan Leonel Luz Maria Vilca Sonia Uriona Maria Cristina Schneider |
author_facet |
Patricia Najera Hamrick Sylvain Aldighieri Gustavo Machado Deise Galan Leonel Luz Maria Vilca Sonia Uriona Maria Cristina Schneider |
author_sort |
Patricia Najera Hamrick |
title |
Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas. |
title_short |
Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas. |
title_full |
Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas. |
title_fullStr |
Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the Americas. |
title_sort |
geographic patterns and environmental factors associated with human yellow fever presence in the americas. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005897 https://doaj.org/article/db26ba7127f5464fb62ade1285baf8cc |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
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Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 9, p e0005897 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5607216?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005897 https://doaj.org/article/db26ba7127f5464fb62ade1285baf8cc |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005897 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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e0005897 |
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