Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals.
Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome. Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components. Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified pl...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:db0953e440e440388c5a120ef4b83bde 2023-05-15T15:08:48+02:00 Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. Emma C L Finlayson-Trick Landon J Getz Patrick D Slaine Mackenzie Thornbury Emily Lamoureux Jamie Cook Morgan G I Langille Lois E Murray Craig McCormick John R Rohde Zhenyu Cheng 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189404 https://doaj.org/article/db0953e440e440388c5a120ef4b83bde EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5744928?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189404 https://doaj.org/article/db0953e440e440388c5a120ef4b83bde PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 12, p e0189404 (2017) Medicine R Science Q article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189404 2022-12-31T05:46:14Z Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome. Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components. Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose. Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla). 16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf). In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order. We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals. The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote. These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Canada PLOS ONE 12 12 e0189404 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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language |
English |
topic |
Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Emma C L Finlayson-Trick Landon J Getz Patrick D Slaine Mackenzie Thornbury Emily Lamoureux Jamie Cook Morgan G I Langille Lois E Murray Craig McCormick John R Rohde Zhenyu Cheng Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. |
topic_facet |
Medicine R Science Q |
description |
Host diet influences the diversity and metabolic activities of the gut microbiome. Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiome provides a wide array of enzymes that enable processing of diverse dietary components. Because the primary diet of the porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum, is lignified plant material, we reasoned that the porcupine microbiome would be replete with enzymes required to degrade lignocellulose. Here, we report on the bacterial composition in the porcupine microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. We extended this analysis to the microbiomes of 20 additional mammals located in Shubenacadie Wildlife Park (Nova Scotia, Canada), enabling the comparison of bacterial diversity amongst three mammalian taxonomic orders (Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactyla). 16S rRNA sequencing was validated using metagenomic shotgun sequencing on selected herbivores (porcupine, beaver) and carnivores (coyote, Arctic wolf). In the microbiome, functionality is more conserved than bacterial composition, thus we mined microbiome data sets to identify conserved microbial functions across species in each order. We measured the relative gene abundances for cellobiose phosphorylase, endoglucanase, and beta-glucosidase to evaluate the cellulose-degrading potential of select mammals. The porcupine and beaver had higher proportions of genes encoding cellulose-degrading enzymes than the Artic wolf and coyote. These findings provide further evidence that gut microbiome diversity and metabolic capacity are influenced by host diet. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Emma C L Finlayson-Trick Landon J Getz Patrick D Slaine Mackenzie Thornbury Emily Lamoureux Jamie Cook Morgan G I Langille Lois E Murray Craig McCormick John R Rohde Zhenyu Cheng |
author_facet |
Emma C L Finlayson-Trick Landon J Getz Patrick D Slaine Mackenzie Thornbury Emily Lamoureux Jamie Cook Morgan G I Langille Lois E Murray Craig McCormick John R Rohde Zhenyu Cheng |
author_sort |
Emma C L Finlayson-Trick |
title |
Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. |
title_short |
Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. |
title_full |
Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. |
title_fullStr |
Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. |
title_sort |
taxonomic differences of gut microbiomes drive cellulolytic enzymatic potential within hind-gut fermenting mammals. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189404 https://doaj.org/article/db0953e440e440388c5a120ef4b83bde |
geographic |
Arctic Canada |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 12, p e0189404 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5744928?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189404 https://doaj.org/article/db0953e440e440388c5a120ef4b83bde |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189404 |
container_title |
PLOS ONE |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
e0189404 |
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1766340098870214656 |