Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation
This paper reports formation and dissociation patterns of methane hydrate in sandstone. Magnetic resonance imaging spatially resolved hydrate growth patterns and liberation of water during dissociation. A stacked core set-up using Bentheim sandstone with dual water saturation was designed to investi...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:da8ff64e391341feb8e398557709ff57 2023-05-15T17:11:43+02:00 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation Stian Almenningen Per Fotland Geir Ersland 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/en12173231 https://doaj.org/article/da8ff64e391341feb8e398557709ff57 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/17/3231 https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 1996-1073 doi:10.3390/en12173231 https://doaj.org/article/da8ff64e391341feb8e398557709ff57 Energies, Vol 12, Iss 17, p 3231 (2019) methane hydrates in sandstone phase transitions magnetic resonance imaging Technology T article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/en12173231 2022-12-31T00:16:28Z This paper reports formation and dissociation patterns of methane hydrate in sandstone. Magnetic resonance imaging spatially resolved hydrate growth patterns and liberation of water during dissociation. A stacked core set-up using Bentheim sandstone with dual water saturation was designed to investigate the effect of initial water saturation on hydrate phase transitions. The growth of methane hydrate ( P = 8.3 MPa, T = 1−3 °C) was more prominent in high water saturation regions and resulted in a heterogeneous hydrate saturation controlled by the initial water distribution. The change in transverse relaxation time constant, T 2 , was spatially mapped during growth and showed different response depending on the initial water saturation. T 2 decreased significantly during growth in high water saturation regions and remained unchanged during growth in low water saturation regions. Pressure depletion from one end of the core induced a hydrate dissociation front starting at the depletion side and moving through the core as production continued. The final saturation of water after hydrate dissociation was more uniform than the initial water saturation, demonstrating the significant redistribution of water that will take place during methane gas production from a hydrate reservoir. Article in Journal/Newspaper Methane hydrate Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Energies 12 17 3231 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
methane hydrates in sandstone phase transitions magnetic resonance imaging Technology T |
spellingShingle |
methane hydrates in sandstone phase transitions magnetic resonance imaging Technology T Stian Almenningen Per Fotland Geir Ersland Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation |
topic_facet |
methane hydrates in sandstone phase transitions magnetic resonance imaging Technology T |
description |
This paper reports formation and dissociation patterns of methane hydrate in sandstone. Magnetic resonance imaging spatially resolved hydrate growth patterns and liberation of water during dissociation. A stacked core set-up using Bentheim sandstone with dual water saturation was designed to investigate the effect of initial water saturation on hydrate phase transitions. The growth of methane hydrate ( P = 8.3 MPa, T = 1−3 °C) was more prominent in high water saturation regions and resulted in a heterogeneous hydrate saturation controlled by the initial water distribution. The change in transverse relaxation time constant, T 2 , was spatially mapped during growth and showed different response depending on the initial water saturation. T 2 decreased significantly during growth in high water saturation regions and remained unchanged during growth in low water saturation regions. Pressure depletion from one end of the core induced a hydrate dissociation front starting at the depletion side and moving through the core as production continued. The final saturation of water after hydrate dissociation was more uniform than the initial water saturation, demonstrating the significant redistribution of water that will take place during methane gas production from a hydrate reservoir. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stian Almenningen Per Fotland Geir Ersland |
author_facet |
Stian Almenningen Per Fotland Geir Ersland |
author_sort |
Stian Almenningen |
title |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation |
title_short |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation |
title_full |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation |
title_fullStr |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Methane Hydrate Formation and Dissociation in Sandstone with Dual Water Saturation |
title_sort |
magnetic resonance imaging of methane hydrate formation and dissociation in sandstone with dual water saturation |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/en12173231 https://doaj.org/article/da8ff64e391341feb8e398557709ff57 |
genre |
Methane hydrate |
genre_facet |
Methane hydrate |
op_source |
Energies, Vol 12, Iss 17, p 3231 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/17/3231 https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073 1996-1073 doi:10.3390/en12173231 https://doaj.org/article/da8ff64e391341feb8e398557709ff57 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/en12173231 |
container_title |
Energies |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
17 |
container_start_page |
3231 |
_version_ |
1766068495449063424 |