Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat.
Background Dengue Fever (DF) is a viral disease primarily transmitted by Aedes (Ae.) aegypti mosquitoes. Outbreaks in Eastern Ethiopia were reported during 2014-2016. In May 2017, we investigated the first suspected DF outbreak from Kabridahar Town, Somali region (Eastern Ethiopia) to describe its m...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:da1be11d3ecb452491024e8edb0947f3 2023-05-15T15:14:05+02:00 Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat. Mulugeta Asefa Gutu Alemayehu Bekele Yimer Seid Yusuf Mohammed Fekadu Gemechu Abyot Bekele Woyessa Adamu Tayachew Yohanis Dugasa Lehageru Gizachew Moti Idosa Ryan E Tokarz David Sugerman 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 https://doaj.org/article/da1be11d3ecb452491024e8edb0947f3 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 https://doaj.org/article/da1be11d3ecb452491024e8edb0947f3 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e0008992 (2021) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 2022-12-31T11:49:06Z Background Dengue Fever (DF) is a viral disease primarily transmitted by Aedes (Ae.) aegypti mosquitoes. Outbreaks in Eastern Ethiopia were reported during 2014-2016. In May 2017, we investigated the first suspected DF outbreak from Kabridahar Town, Somali region (Eastern Ethiopia) to describe its magnitude, assess risk factors, and implement control measures. Methods Suspected DF cases were defined as acute febrile illness plus ≥2 symptoms (headache, fever, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, or hemorrhage) in Kabridahar District residents. All reported cases were identified through medical record review and active searches. Severe dengue was defined as DF with severe organ impairment, severe hemorrhage, or severe plasma leakage. We conducted a neighborhood-matched case-control study using a subset of suspected cases and conveniently-selected asymptomatic community controls and interviewed participants to collect demographic and risk factor data. We tested sera by RT-PCR to detect dengue virus (DENV) and identify serotypes. Entomologists conducted mosquito surveys at community households to identify species and estimate larval density using the house index (HI), container index (CI) and Breteau index (BI), with BI≥20 indicating high density. Results We identified 101 total cases from May 12-31, 2017, including five with severe dengue (one death). The attack rate (AR) was 17/10,000. Of 21 tested samples, 15 (72%) were DENV serotype 2 (DENV 2). In the case-control study with 50 cases and 100 controls, a lack of formal education (AOR [Adjusted Odds Ratio] = 4.2, 95% CI [Confidence Interval] 1.6-11.2) and open water containers near the home (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.2-7.5) were risk factors, while long-lasting insecticide treated-net (LLITN) usage (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.79) was protective. HI and BI were 66/136 (49%) and 147 per 100 homes (147%) respectively, with 151/167 (90%) adult mosquitoes identified as Ae. aegypti. Conclusion The epidemiologic, entomologic, and laboratory investigation confirmed a ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15 1 e0008992 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Mulugeta Asefa Gutu Alemayehu Bekele Yimer Seid Yusuf Mohammed Fekadu Gemechu Abyot Bekele Woyessa Adamu Tayachew Yohanis Dugasa Lehageru Gizachew Moti Idosa Ryan E Tokarz David Sugerman Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat. |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Background Dengue Fever (DF) is a viral disease primarily transmitted by Aedes (Ae.) aegypti mosquitoes. Outbreaks in Eastern Ethiopia were reported during 2014-2016. In May 2017, we investigated the first suspected DF outbreak from Kabridahar Town, Somali region (Eastern Ethiopia) to describe its magnitude, assess risk factors, and implement control measures. Methods Suspected DF cases were defined as acute febrile illness plus ≥2 symptoms (headache, fever, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, or hemorrhage) in Kabridahar District residents. All reported cases were identified through medical record review and active searches. Severe dengue was defined as DF with severe organ impairment, severe hemorrhage, or severe plasma leakage. We conducted a neighborhood-matched case-control study using a subset of suspected cases and conveniently-selected asymptomatic community controls and interviewed participants to collect demographic and risk factor data. We tested sera by RT-PCR to detect dengue virus (DENV) and identify serotypes. Entomologists conducted mosquito surveys at community households to identify species and estimate larval density using the house index (HI), container index (CI) and Breteau index (BI), with BI≥20 indicating high density. Results We identified 101 total cases from May 12-31, 2017, including five with severe dengue (one death). The attack rate (AR) was 17/10,000. Of 21 tested samples, 15 (72%) were DENV serotype 2 (DENV 2). In the case-control study with 50 cases and 100 controls, a lack of formal education (AOR [Adjusted Odds Ratio] = 4.2, 95% CI [Confidence Interval] 1.6-11.2) and open water containers near the home (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.2-7.5) were risk factors, while long-lasting insecticide treated-net (LLITN) usage (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.79) was protective. HI and BI were 66/136 (49%) and 147 per 100 homes (147%) respectively, with 151/167 (90%) adult mosquitoes identified as Ae. aegypti. Conclusion The epidemiologic, entomologic, and laboratory investigation confirmed a ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mulugeta Asefa Gutu Alemayehu Bekele Yimer Seid Yusuf Mohammed Fekadu Gemechu Abyot Bekele Woyessa Adamu Tayachew Yohanis Dugasa Lehageru Gizachew Moti Idosa Ryan E Tokarz David Sugerman |
author_facet |
Mulugeta Asefa Gutu Alemayehu Bekele Yimer Seid Yusuf Mohammed Fekadu Gemechu Abyot Bekele Woyessa Adamu Tayachew Yohanis Dugasa Lehageru Gizachew Moti Idosa Ryan E Tokarz David Sugerman |
author_sort |
Mulugeta Asefa Gutu |
title |
Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat. |
title_short |
Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat. |
title_full |
Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat. |
title_fullStr |
Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia-An emerging public health threat. |
title_sort |
another dengue fever outbreak in eastern ethiopia-an emerging public health threat. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 https://doaj.org/article/da1be11d3ecb452491024e8edb0947f3 |
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Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e0008992 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 https://doaj.org/article/da1be11d3ecb452491024e8edb0947f3 |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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15 |
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e0008992 |
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