Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination.
Despite efforts made over decades by the Peruvian government to eliminate malaria, Plasmodium vivax remains a challenge for public health decision-makers in the country. The uneven distribution of its incidence, plus its complex pattern of dispersion, has made ineffective control measures based on g...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d9ba126f161e4a9397e540cfbdba7748 2023-05-15T15:14:30+02:00 Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. Paulo Manrique Julio Miranda-Alban Jhonatan Alarcon-Baldeon Roberson Ramirez Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar Henry Herrera Mitchel Guzman-Guzman Angel Rosas-Aguirre Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas Joseph M Vinetz Ananias A Escalante Dionicia Gamboa 2019-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 https://doaj.org/article/d9ba126f161e4a9397e540cfbdba7748 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 https://doaj.org/article/d9ba126f161e4a9397e540cfbdba7748 PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 11, p e0007876 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 2022-12-31T11:56:29Z Despite efforts made over decades by the Peruvian government to eliminate malaria, Plasmodium vivax remains a challenge for public health decision-makers in the country. The uneven distribution of its incidence, plus its complex pattern of dispersion, has made ineffective control measures based on global information that lack the necessary detail to understand transmission fully. In this sense, population genetic tools can complement current surveillance. This study describes the genetic diversity and population structure from September 2012 to March 2015 in three geographically distant settlements, Cahuide (CAH), Lupuna (LUP) and Santa Emilia (STE), located in the Peruvian Amazon. A total 777 P. vivax mono-infections, out of 3264, were genotyped. Among study areas, LUP showed 19.7% of polyclonal infections, and its genetic diversity (Hexp) was 0.544. Temporal analysis showed a significant increment of polyclonal infections and Hexp, and the introduction and persistence of a new parasite population since March 2013. In STE, 40.1% of infections were polyclonal, with Hexp = 0.596. The presence of four genetic clusters without signals of clonal expansion and infections with lower parasite densities compared against the other two areas were also found. At least four parasite populations were present in CAH in 2012, where, after June 2014, malaria cases decreased from 213 to 61, concomitant with a decrease in polyclonal infections (from 0.286 to 0.18), and expectedly variable Hexp. Strong signals of gene flow were present in the study areas and wide geographic distribution of highly diverse parasite populations were found. This study suggests that movement of malaria parasites by human reservoirs connects geographically distant malaria transmission areas in the Peruvian Amazon. The maintenance of high levels of parasite genetic diversity through human mobility is a critical barrier to malaria elimination in this region. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 11 e0007876 |
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Open Polar |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Paulo Manrique Julio Miranda-Alban Jhonatan Alarcon-Baldeon Roberson Ramirez Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar Henry Herrera Mitchel Guzman-Guzman Angel Rosas-Aguirre Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas Joseph M Vinetz Ananias A Escalante Dionicia Gamboa Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
Despite efforts made over decades by the Peruvian government to eliminate malaria, Plasmodium vivax remains a challenge for public health decision-makers in the country. The uneven distribution of its incidence, plus its complex pattern of dispersion, has made ineffective control measures based on global information that lack the necessary detail to understand transmission fully. In this sense, population genetic tools can complement current surveillance. This study describes the genetic diversity and population structure from September 2012 to March 2015 in three geographically distant settlements, Cahuide (CAH), Lupuna (LUP) and Santa Emilia (STE), located in the Peruvian Amazon. A total 777 P. vivax mono-infections, out of 3264, were genotyped. Among study areas, LUP showed 19.7% of polyclonal infections, and its genetic diversity (Hexp) was 0.544. Temporal analysis showed a significant increment of polyclonal infections and Hexp, and the introduction and persistence of a new parasite population since March 2013. In STE, 40.1% of infections were polyclonal, with Hexp = 0.596. The presence of four genetic clusters without signals of clonal expansion and infections with lower parasite densities compared against the other two areas were also found. At least four parasite populations were present in CAH in 2012, where, after June 2014, malaria cases decreased from 213 to 61, concomitant with a decrease in polyclonal infections (from 0.286 to 0.18), and expectedly variable Hexp. Strong signals of gene flow were present in the study areas and wide geographic distribution of highly diverse parasite populations were found. This study suggests that movement of malaria parasites by human reservoirs connects geographically distant malaria transmission areas in the Peruvian Amazon. The maintenance of high levels of parasite genetic diversity through human mobility is a critical barrier to malaria elimination in this region. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Paulo Manrique Julio Miranda-Alban Jhonatan Alarcon-Baldeon Roberson Ramirez Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar Henry Herrera Mitchel Guzman-Guzman Angel Rosas-Aguirre Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas Joseph M Vinetz Ananias A Escalante Dionicia Gamboa |
author_facet |
Paulo Manrique Julio Miranda-Alban Jhonatan Alarcon-Baldeon Roberson Ramirez Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar Henry Herrera Mitchel Guzman-Guzman Angel Rosas-Aguirre Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas Joseph M Vinetz Ananias A Escalante Dionicia Gamboa |
author_sort |
Paulo Manrique |
title |
Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. |
title_short |
Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. |
title_full |
Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. |
title_fullStr |
Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of Plasmodium vivax in the Peruvian Amazon: A critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. |
title_sort |
microsatellite analysis reveals connectivity among geographically distant transmission zones of plasmodium vivax in the peruvian amazon: a critical barrier to regional malaria elimination. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 https://doaj.org/article/d9ba126f161e4a9397e540cfbdba7748 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 11, p e0007876 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 https://doaj.org/article/d9ba126f161e4a9397e540cfbdba7748 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007876 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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13 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
e0007876 |
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