Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study
The Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) is currently in its testing phase, in which actual corrections are transmitted along with standard dummy messages. The dissemination of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) corrections is performed using an innovative scheme based on a Reed–Solomon code, which allo...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d90ad27d639b418ba9cf56a18c2a73e5 2023-05-15T17:03:59+02:00 Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study Melania Susi Daniele Borio Ciro Gioia Morten Taraldsten Brunes Michael Dähnn Gro Grinde Christian Rost 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224669 https://doaj.org/article/d90ad27d639b418ba9cf56a18c2a73e5 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4669 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs13224669 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/d90ad27d639b418ba9cf56a18c2a73e5 Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4669, p 4669 (2021) Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) vessel Time-to-Retrieve Data high latitudes demodulation Science Q article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224669 2022-12-31T00:46:41Z The Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) is currently in its testing phase, in which actual corrections are transmitted along with standard dummy messages. The dissemination of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) corrections is performed using an innovative scheme based on a Reed–Solomon code, which allows the reconstruction of the original navigation message from a subset of received pages. This approach introduces robustness to the reception process and aims at reducing the Time-to-Retrieve Data (TTRD); that is, the time to retrieve the HAS message. This study investigated the HAS demodulation performance considering Galileo signals collected at high latitudes. In particular, a Galileo E6-capable receiver was mounted on a vessel sailing from Bergen to Kirkenes, Norway, and reaching up to 71 degrees North. The trajectory of the vessel was at the border of the Galileo HAS service area and high-latitudes impact reception conditions, potentially leading to poor satellite geometries. Three months of data from January to March 2021 were analyzed, considering several metrics including Bit Error Rate (BER), Page Error Rate (PER), and TTRD. The analysis shows that the Reed–Solomon scheme adopted for data dissemination is also effective at high-latitudes, with daily PER below one percent and mean TTRD in the order of eight seconds when three satellites are broadcasting valid HAS corrections. Lower values of the TTRD are achieved with an increased number of satellites. These values are significantly lower than the update rate of the corrections broadcast by the Galileo HAS. Article in Journal/Newspaper Kirkenes Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Bergen Norway Remote Sensing 13 22 4669 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) vessel Time-to-Retrieve Data high latitudes demodulation Science Q |
spellingShingle |
Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) vessel Time-to-Retrieve Data high latitudes demodulation Science Q Melania Susi Daniele Borio Ciro Gioia Morten Taraldsten Brunes Michael Dähnn Gro Grinde Christian Rost Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study |
topic_facet |
Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) vessel Time-to-Retrieve Data high latitudes demodulation Science Q |
description |
The Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) is currently in its testing phase, in which actual corrections are transmitted along with standard dummy messages. The dissemination of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) corrections is performed using an innovative scheme based on a Reed–Solomon code, which allows the reconstruction of the original navigation message from a subset of received pages. This approach introduces robustness to the reception process and aims at reducing the Time-to-Retrieve Data (TTRD); that is, the time to retrieve the HAS message. This study investigated the HAS demodulation performance considering Galileo signals collected at high latitudes. In particular, a Galileo E6-capable receiver was mounted on a vessel sailing from Bergen to Kirkenes, Norway, and reaching up to 71 degrees North. The trajectory of the vessel was at the border of the Galileo HAS service area and high-latitudes impact reception conditions, potentially leading to poor satellite geometries. Three months of data from January to March 2021 were analyzed, considering several metrics including Bit Error Rate (BER), Page Error Rate (PER), and TTRD. The analysis shows that the Reed–Solomon scheme adopted for data dissemination is also effective at high-latitudes, with daily PER below one percent and mean TTRD in the order of eight seconds when three satellites are broadcasting valid HAS corrections. Lower values of the TTRD are achieved with an increased number of satellites. These values are significantly lower than the update rate of the corrections broadcast by the Galileo HAS. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Melania Susi Daniele Borio Ciro Gioia Morten Taraldsten Brunes Michael Dähnn Gro Grinde Christian Rost |
author_facet |
Melania Susi Daniele Borio Ciro Gioia Morten Taraldsten Brunes Michael Dähnn Gro Grinde Christian Rost |
author_sort |
Melania Susi |
title |
Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study |
title_short |
Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study |
title_full |
Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study |
title_fullStr |
Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessment of Galileo E6B Data Demodulation Performance at High Latitudes: A Norwegian Vessel Case Study |
title_sort |
assessment of galileo e6b data demodulation performance at high latitudes: a norwegian vessel case study |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224669 https://doaj.org/article/d90ad27d639b418ba9cf56a18c2a73e5 |
geographic |
Bergen Norway |
geographic_facet |
Bergen Norway |
genre |
Kirkenes |
genre_facet |
Kirkenes |
op_source |
Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4669, p 4669 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4669 https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292 doi:10.3390/rs13224669 2072-4292 https://doaj.org/article/d90ad27d639b418ba9cf56a18c2a73e5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224669 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
22 |
container_start_page |
4669 |
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1766057988200595456 |