Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0
Models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) show substantial biases in the deep ocean that are larger than the level of natural variability and the response to enhanced greenhouse gas concentrations. Here, we analyze the influence of horizontal resolution in a hierarchy...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2635-2019 https://doaj.org/article/d8e60ed88e034999b45772518f151f10 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d8e60ed88e034999b45772518f151f10 2023-05-15T13:15:50+02:00 Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0 T. Rackow D. V. Sein T. Semmler S. Danilov N. V. Koldunov D. Sidorenko Q. Wang T. Jung 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2635-2019 https://doaj.org/article/d8e60ed88e034999b45772518f151f10 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/12/2635/2019/gmd-12-2635-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-12-2635-2019 1991-959X 1991-9603 https://doaj.org/article/d8e60ed88e034999b45772518f151f10 Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 12, Pp 2635-2656 (2019) Geology QE1-996.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2635-2019 2022-12-30T21:34:25Z Models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) show substantial biases in the deep ocean that are larger than the level of natural variability and the response to enhanced greenhouse gas concentrations. Here, we analyze the influence of horizontal resolution in a hierarchy of five multi-resolution simulations with the AWI Climate Model (AWI-CM), the climate model used at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, which employs a sea ice–ocean model component formulated on unstructured meshes. The ocean grid sizes considered range from a nominal resolution of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="23pt" height="11pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="398feeb91a53908b63a9a04779046c3c"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-12-2635-2019-ie00001.svg" width="23pt" height="11pt" src="gmd-12-2635-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> (CMIP5 type) up to locally eddy resolving. We show that increasing ocean resolution locally to resolve ocean eddies leads to reductions in deep ocean biases, although these improvements are not strictly monotonic for the five different ocean grids. A detailed diagnosis of the simulations allows to identify the origins of the biases. We find that two key regions at the surface are responsible for the development of the deep bias in the Atlantic Ocean: the northeastern North Atlantic and the region adjacent to the Strait of Gibraltar. Furthermore, the Southern Ocean density structure is equally improved with locally explicitly resolved eddies compared to parameterized eddies. Part of the bias reduction can be traced back towards improved surface biases over outcropping regions, which are in ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Alfred Wegener Institute North Atlantic Sea ice Southern Ocean Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Southern Ocean Geoscientific Model Development 12 7 2635 2656 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Geology QE1-996.5 T. Rackow D. V. Sein T. Semmler S. Danilov N. V. Koldunov D. Sidorenko Q. Wang T. Jung Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0 |
topic_facet |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) show substantial biases in the deep ocean that are larger than the level of natural variability and the response to enhanced greenhouse gas concentrations. Here, we analyze the influence of horizontal resolution in a hierarchy of five multi-resolution simulations with the AWI Climate Model (AWI-CM), the climate model used at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, which employs a sea ice–ocean model component formulated on unstructured meshes. The ocean grid sizes considered range from a nominal resolution of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="23pt" height="11pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="398feeb91a53908b63a9a04779046c3c"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="gmd-12-2635-2019-ie00001.svg" width="23pt" height="11pt" src="gmd-12-2635-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> (CMIP5 type) up to locally eddy resolving. We show that increasing ocean resolution locally to resolve ocean eddies leads to reductions in deep ocean biases, although these improvements are not strictly monotonic for the five different ocean grids. A detailed diagnosis of the simulations allows to identify the origins of the biases. We find that two key regions at the surface are responsible for the development of the deep bias in the Atlantic Ocean: the northeastern North Atlantic and the region adjacent to the Strait of Gibraltar. Furthermore, the Southern Ocean density structure is equally improved with locally explicitly resolved eddies compared to parameterized eddies. Part of the bias reduction can be traced back towards improved surface biases over outcropping regions, which are in ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
T. Rackow D. V. Sein T. Semmler S. Danilov N. V. Koldunov D. Sidorenko Q. Wang T. Jung |
author_facet |
T. Rackow D. V. Sein T. Semmler S. Danilov N. V. Koldunov D. Sidorenko Q. Wang T. Jung |
author_sort |
T. Rackow |
title |
Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0 |
title_short |
Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0 |
title_full |
Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0 |
title_fullStr |
Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype CMIP6 simulations with AWI-CM1.0 |
title_sort |
sensitivity of deep ocean biases to horizontal resolution in prototype cmip6 simulations with awi-cm1.0 |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2635-2019 https://doaj.org/article/d8e60ed88e034999b45772518f151f10 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Alfred Wegener Institute North Atlantic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Alfred Wegener Institute North Atlantic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 12, Pp 2635-2656 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://www.geosci-model-dev.net/12/2635/2019/gmd-12-2635-2019.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-12-2635-2019 1991-959X 1991-9603 https://doaj.org/article/d8e60ed88e034999b45772518f151f10 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2635-2019 |
container_title |
Geoscientific Model Development |
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12 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2635 |
op_container_end_page |
2656 |
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1766271253571698688 |