Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare
ABSTRACTCold weather warfare is of increasing importance. Haemorrhage is the most common preventable cause of death in military conflicts. We analysed the pressure of the Combat Application Tourniquet® Generation 7 (CAT), the SAM® Extremity Tourniquet (SAMXT) and the SOF® Tactical Tourniquet Wide Ge...
Published in: | International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
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Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 https://doaj.org/article/d8aa15e1e6cd4ce59e28f02f81ade8c1 |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d8aa15e1e6cd4ce59e28f02f81ade8c1 2024-01-21T10:03:36+01:00 Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare Raimund Lechner Yannick Beres Amelie Oberst Kristina Bank Markus Tannheimer Martin Kulla Bjoern Hossfeld 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 https://doaj.org/article/d8aa15e1e6cd4ce59e28f02f81ade8c1 EN eng Taylor & Francis Group https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-3982 doi:10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 2242-3982 https://doaj.org/article/d8aa15e1e6cd4ce59e28f02f81ade8c1 International Journal of Circumpolar Health, Vol 82, Iss 1 (2023) Tactical Combat Casualty Care arctic warfare hemostatic dressing hypothermia critical bleeding cold weather warfare Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 2023-12-24T01:42:47Z ABSTRACTCold weather warfare is of increasing importance. Haemorrhage is the most common preventable cause of death in military conflicts. We analysed the pressure of the Combat Application Tourniquet® Generation 7 (CAT), the SAM® Extremity Tourniquet (SAMXT) and the SOF® Tactical Tourniquet Wide Generation 4 (SOFTT) over different military cold weather clothing setups with a leg tourniquet trainer. We conducted a selective PubMed search and supplemented this with own experiences in cold weather medicine. The CAT and the SAMXT both reached the cut off value of 180mmHg in almost all applications. The SOFTT was unable to reach the 180mmHg limit in less than 50% of all applications in some clothing setups. We outline the influence of cold during military operations by presenting differences between military and civilian cold exposure. We propose a classification of winter warfare and identify caveats and alterations of Tactical Combat Casualty Care in cold weather warfare, with a special focus on control of bleeding. The application of tourniquets over military winter clothing is successful in principle, but effectiveness may vary for different tourniquet models. Soldiers are more affected and impaired by cold than civilians. Military commanders must be made aware of medical alterations in cold weather warfare. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Circumpolar Health International Journal of Circumpolar Health Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic International Journal of Circumpolar Health 82 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Tactical Combat Casualty Care arctic warfare hemostatic dressing hypothermia critical bleeding cold weather warfare Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
spellingShingle |
Tactical Combat Casualty Care arctic warfare hemostatic dressing hypothermia critical bleeding cold weather warfare Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Raimund Lechner Yannick Beres Amelie Oberst Kristina Bank Markus Tannheimer Martin Kulla Bjoern Hossfeld Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare |
topic_facet |
Tactical Combat Casualty Care arctic warfare hemostatic dressing hypothermia critical bleeding cold weather warfare Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 |
description |
ABSTRACTCold weather warfare is of increasing importance. Haemorrhage is the most common preventable cause of death in military conflicts. We analysed the pressure of the Combat Application Tourniquet® Generation 7 (CAT), the SAM® Extremity Tourniquet (SAMXT) and the SOF® Tactical Tourniquet Wide Generation 4 (SOFTT) over different military cold weather clothing setups with a leg tourniquet trainer. We conducted a selective PubMed search and supplemented this with own experiences in cold weather medicine. The CAT and the SAMXT both reached the cut off value of 180mmHg in almost all applications. The SOFTT was unable to reach the 180mmHg limit in less than 50% of all applications in some clothing setups. We outline the influence of cold during military operations by presenting differences between military and civilian cold exposure. We propose a classification of winter warfare and identify caveats and alterations of Tactical Combat Casualty Care in cold weather warfare, with a special focus on control of bleeding. The application of tourniquets over military winter clothing is successful in principle, but effectiveness may vary for different tourniquet models. Soldiers are more affected and impaired by cold than civilians. Military commanders must be made aware of medical alterations in cold weather warfare. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Raimund Lechner Yannick Beres Amelie Oberst Kristina Bank Markus Tannheimer Martin Kulla Bjoern Hossfeld |
author_facet |
Raimund Lechner Yannick Beres Amelie Oberst Kristina Bank Markus Tannheimer Martin Kulla Bjoern Hossfeld |
author_sort |
Raimund Lechner |
title |
Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare |
title_short |
Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare |
title_full |
Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare |
title_fullStr |
Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare |
title_sort |
analysis of tourniquet pressure over military winter clothing and a short review of combat casualty care in cold weather warfare |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 https://doaj.org/article/d8aa15e1e6cd4ce59e28f02f81ade8c1 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Circumpolar Health International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
genre_facet |
Arctic Circumpolar Health International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
op_source |
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, Vol 82, Iss 1 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 https://doaj.org/toc/2242-3982 doi:10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 2242-3982 https://doaj.org/article/d8aa15e1e6cd4ce59e28f02f81ade8c1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2023.2194141 |
container_title |
International Journal of Circumpolar Health |
container_volume |
82 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1788693893349376000 |