Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea
This paper describes Nemo-Nordic 2.0, an operational marine model for the Baltic Sea. The model is used for both near-real-time forecasts and hindcast purposes. It provides estimates of sea surface height, water temperature, salinity, and velocity, as well as sea ice concentration and thickness. The...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d866105ff7b6482d848f6f41656d8564 2023-05-15T18:17:44+02:00 Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea T. Kärnä P. Ljungemyr S. Falahat I. Ringgaard L. Axell V. Korabel J. Murawski I. Maljutenko A. Lindenthal S. Jandt-Scheelke S. Verjovkina I. Lorkowski P. Lagemaa J. She L. Tuomi A. Nord V. Huess 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5731-2021 https://doaj.org/article/d866105ff7b6482d848f6f41656d8564 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/5731/2021/gmd-14-5731-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-14-5731-2021 1991-959X 1991-9603 https://doaj.org/article/d866105ff7b6482d848f6f41656d8564 Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 14, Pp 5731-5749 (2021) Geology QE1-996.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5731-2021 2022-12-31T07:45:16Z This paper describes Nemo-Nordic 2.0, an operational marine model for the Baltic Sea. The model is used for both near-real-time forecasts and hindcast purposes. It provides estimates of sea surface height, water temperature, salinity, and velocity, as well as sea ice concentration and thickness. The model is based on the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) circulation model and the previous Nemo-Nordic 1.0 configuration by Hordoir et al. ( 2019 ) . The most notable updates include the switch from NEMO version 3.6 to 4.0, updated model bathymetry, and revised bottom friction formulation. The model domain covers the Baltic Sea and the North Sea with approximately 1 nmi resolution. Vertical grid resolution has been increased from 3 to 1 m in the surface layer. In addition, the numerical solver configuration has been revised to reduce artificial mixing to improve the representation of inflow events. Sea ice is modeled with the SI3 model instead of LIM3. The model is validated against sea level, water temperature, and salinity observations, as well as Baltic Sea ice chart data for a 2-year hindcast simulation (October 2014 to September 2016). Sea level root mean square deviation (RMSD) is typically within 10 cm throughout the Baltic basin. Seasonal sea surface temperature variation is well captured, although the model exhibits a negative bias of approximately − 0.5 ∘ C. Salinity RMSD is typically below 1.5 g kg −1 . The model captures the 2014 major Baltic inflow event and its propagation to the Gotland Deep. The model assessment demonstrates that Nemo-Nordic 2.0 can reproduce the hydrographic features of the Baltic Sea. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Geoscientific Model Development 14 9 5731 5749 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Geology QE1-996.5 T. Kärnä P. Ljungemyr S. Falahat I. Ringgaard L. Axell V. Korabel J. Murawski I. Maljutenko A. Lindenthal S. Jandt-Scheelke S. Verjovkina I. Lorkowski P. Lagemaa J. She L. Tuomi A. Nord V. Huess Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea |
topic_facet |
Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
This paper describes Nemo-Nordic 2.0, an operational marine model for the Baltic Sea. The model is used for both near-real-time forecasts and hindcast purposes. It provides estimates of sea surface height, water temperature, salinity, and velocity, as well as sea ice concentration and thickness. The model is based on the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) circulation model and the previous Nemo-Nordic 1.0 configuration by Hordoir et al. ( 2019 ) . The most notable updates include the switch from NEMO version 3.6 to 4.0, updated model bathymetry, and revised bottom friction formulation. The model domain covers the Baltic Sea and the North Sea with approximately 1 nmi resolution. Vertical grid resolution has been increased from 3 to 1 m in the surface layer. In addition, the numerical solver configuration has been revised to reduce artificial mixing to improve the representation of inflow events. Sea ice is modeled with the SI3 model instead of LIM3. The model is validated against sea level, water temperature, and salinity observations, as well as Baltic Sea ice chart data for a 2-year hindcast simulation (October 2014 to September 2016). Sea level root mean square deviation (RMSD) is typically within 10 cm throughout the Baltic basin. Seasonal sea surface temperature variation is well captured, although the model exhibits a negative bias of approximately − 0.5 ∘ C. Salinity RMSD is typically below 1.5 g kg −1 . The model captures the 2014 major Baltic inflow event and its propagation to the Gotland Deep. The model assessment demonstrates that Nemo-Nordic 2.0 can reproduce the hydrographic features of the Baltic Sea. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
T. Kärnä P. Ljungemyr S. Falahat I. Ringgaard L. Axell V. Korabel J. Murawski I. Maljutenko A. Lindenthal S. Jandt-Scheelke S. Verjovkina I. Lorkowski P. Lagemaa J. She L. Tuomi A. Nord V. Huess |
author_facet |
T. Kärnä P. Ljungemyr S. Falahat I. Ringgaard L. Axell V. Korabel J. Murawski I. Maljutenko A. Lindenthal S. Jandt-Scheelke S. Verjovkina I. Lorkowski P. Lagemaa J. She L. Tuomi A. Nord V. Huess |
author_sort |
T. Kärnä |
title |
Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea |
title_short |
Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea |
title_full |
Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea |
title_fullStr |
Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nemo-Nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the Baltic Sea |
title_sort |
nemo-nordic 2.0: operational marine forecast model for the baltic sea |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5731-2021 https://doaj.org/article/d866105ff7b6482d848f6f41656d8564 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Geoscientific Model Development, Vol 14, Pp 5731-5749 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/14/5731/2021/gmd-14-5731-2021.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1991-959X https://doaj.org/toc/1991-9603 doi:10.5194/gmd-14-5731-2021 1991-959X 1991-9603 https://doaj.org/article/d866105ff7b6482d848f6f41656d8564 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5731-2021 |
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Geoscientific Model Development |
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14 |
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9 |
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5731 |
op_container_end_page |
5749 |
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