Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice”
The oceanic connection between ice shelf cavities and sea ice influences sea ice development and persistence. One unique feature in regions near ice shelves is the potential for sea ice growth due to crystal accretion on its underside. Here we present observations of ocean boundary-layer processes a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d7f6a4ac375445a28fa074ddb728b179 2023-05-15T13:56:54+02:00 Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice” Craig Stevens Natalie Robinson Gabby O’Connor Brett Grant 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740 https://doaj.org/article/d7f6a4ac375445a28fa074ddb728b179 EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740 https://doaj.org/article/d7f6a4ac375445a28fa074ddb728b179 Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) ice shelf water (ISW) frazil ice turbulent boundary layer Antarctica fast ice formation shear microstructure Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740 2023-02-26T01:33:06Z The oceanic connection between ice shelf cavities and sea ice influences sea ice development and persistence. One unique feature in regions near ice shelves is the potential for sea ice growth due to crystal accretion on its underside. Here we present observations of ocean boundary-layer processes and ice crystal behaviour in an Ice Shelf Water outflow region from the Ross/McMurdo Ice Shelves. From a fast ice field camp during the Spring of 2015, we captured the kinematics of free-floating relatively large (in some cases 10s of mm in scale) ice crystals that were advecting and then settling upwards in a depositional layer on the sea ice underside (SIPL, sub-ice platelet layer). Simultaneously, we measured the background oceanic temperature, salinity, currents and turbulence structure. At the camp location the total water depth was 536 m, with the uppermost 50 m of the water column being in-situ super-cooled. Tidal flow speeds had an amplitude of around 0.1 m s-1 with dissipation rates in the under-ice boundary layer measured to be up to ε=10-6 W kg-1. Acoustic sampling (200 kHz) identified backscatter from large, individually identifiable suspended crystals associated with crystal sizes larger than normally described as frazil. Measurement of crystals in the SIPL found dimensions of the range 5-200 mm with an average of 93-101 mm depending on the year. The existence and settlement of crystals has implications for understanding SIPL evolution, the structure of sea ice, as well as the fate of Ice Shelf Water. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Frontiers in Marine Science 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
ice shelf water (ISW) frazil ice turbulent boundary layer Antarctica fast ice formation shear microstructure Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
ice shelf water (ISW) frazil ice turbulent boundary layer Antarctica fast ice formation shear microstructure Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Craig Stevens Natalie Robinson Gabby O’Connor Brett Grant Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice” |
topic_facet |
ice shelf water (ISW) frazil ice turbulent boundary layer Antarctica fast ice formation shear microstructure Science Q General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
The oceanic connection between ice shelf cavities and sea ice influences sea ice development and persistence. One unique feature in regions near ice shelves is the potential for sea ice growth due to crystal accretion on its underside. Here we present observations of ocean boundary-layer processes and ice crystal behaviour in an Ice Shelf Water outflow region from the Ross/McMurdo Ice Shelves. From a fast ice field camp during the Spring of 2015, we captured the kinematics of free-floating relatively large (in some cases 10s of mm in scale) ice crystals that were advecting and then settling upwards in a depositional layer on the sea ice underside (SIPL, sub-ice platelet layer). Simultaneously, we measured the background oceanic temperature, salinity, currents and turbulence structure. At the camp location the total water depth was 536 m, with the uppermost 50 m of the water column being in-situ super-cooled. Tidal flow speeds had an amplitude of around 0.1 m s-1 with dissipation rates in the under-ice boundary layer measured to be up to ε=10-6 W kg-1. Acoustic sampling (200 kHz) identified backscatter from large, individually identifiable suspended crystals associated with crystal sizes larger than normally described as frazil. Measurement of crystals in the SIPL found dimensions of the range 5-200 mm with an average of 93-101 mm depending on the year. The existence and settlement of crystals has implications for understanding SIPL evolution, the structure of sea ice, as well as the fate of Ice Shelf Water. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Craig Stevens Natalie Robinson Gabby O’Connor Brett Grant |
author_facet |
Craig Stevens Natalie Robinson Gabby O’Connor Brett Grant |
author_sort |
Craig Stevens |
title |
Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice” |
title_short |
Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice” |
title_full |
Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice” |
title_fullStr |
Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice” |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an Antarctic ice shelf water plume: The “dirty ice” |
title_sort |
ocean turbulent boundary-layer influence on ice crystal behaviour beneath fast ice in an antarctic ice shelf water plume: the “dirty ice” |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740 https://doaj.org/article/d7f6a4ac375445a28fa074ddb728b179 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Sea ice |
op_source |
Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol 10 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745 2296-7745 doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740 https://doaj.org/article/d7f6a4ac375445a28fa074ddb728b179 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1103740 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
10 |
_version_ |
1766264507006451712 |