Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard
For more than five decades, research has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, in Svalbard, Norway, to understand the structure and functioning of High-Arctic ecosystems and the profound impacts on them of environmental change. Terrestrial, freshwater, glacial and marine ecosystems are accessible year-round...
Published in: | Polar Research |
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Language: | English |
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Norwegian Polar Institute
2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v41.6310 https://doaj.org/article/d7aeb52d3dfa4da19eb9d5f0cadd74ac |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d7aeb52d3dfa4da19eb9d5f0cadd74ac 2023-05-15T14:55:38+02:00 Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Å.Ø. Pedersen P. Convey K.K. Newsham J.B. Mosbacher E. Fuglei V. Ravolainen B.B. Hansen T.C. Jensen A. Augusti E.M. Biersma E.J. Cooper S.J. Coulson G.W. Gabrielsen J.C. Gallet U. Karsten S.M. Kristiansen M.M. Svenning A.T. Tveit M. Uchida I. Baneschi E. Calizza N. Cannone E.M. de Goede M. Doveri J. Elster M.S. Giamberini K. Hayashi S.I. Lang Y.K. Lee T. Nakatsubo V. Pasquali I.M.G. Paulsen C. Pedersen F. Peng A. Provenzale E. Pushkareva C.A.M. Sandström V. Sklet A. Stach M. Tojo B. Tytgat H. Tømmervik D. Velazquez E. Verleyen J.M. Welker Y.-F. Yao M.J.J.E. Loonen 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v41.6310 https://doaj.org/article/d7aeb52d3dfa4da19eb9d5f0cadd74ac EN eng Norwegian Polar Institute https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/6310/14518 https://doaj.org/toc/0800-0395 https://doaj.org/toc/1751-8369 0800-0395 1751-8369 doi:10.33265/polar.v41.6310 https://doaj.org/article/d7aeb52d3dfa4da19eb9d5f0cadd74ac Polar Research, Vol 41, Pp 1-39 (2022) biogeochemical cycles climate change ecosystem structure and functioning environmental change high arctic human impacts soil Environmental sciences GE1-350 Oceanography GC1-1581 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v41.6310 2022-12-30T23:34:27Z For more than five decades, research has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, in Svalbard, Norway, to understand the structure and functioning of High-Arctic ecosystems and the profound impacts on them of environmental change. Terrestrial, freshwater, glacial and marine ecosystems are accessible year-round from Ny-Ålesund, providing unique opportunities for interdisciplinary observational and experimental studies along physical, chemical, hydrological and climatic gradients. Here, we synthesize terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund and review current knowledge of biodiversity patterns, species population dynamics and interactions, ecosystem processes, biogeochemical cycles and anthropogenic impacts. There is now strong evidence of past and ongoing biotic changes caused by climate change, including negative effects on populations of many taxa and impacts of rain-on-snow events across multiple trophic levels. While species-level characteristics and responses are well understood for macro-organisms, major knowledge gaps exist for microbes, invertebrates and ecosystem-level processes. In order to fill current knowledge gaps, we recommend (1) maintaining monitoring efforts, while establishing a long-term ecosystem-based monitoring programme; (2) gaining a mechanistic understanding of environmental change impacts on processes and linkages in food webs; (3) identifying trophic interactions and cascades across ecosystems; and (4) integrating long-term data on microbial, invertebrate and freshwater communities, along with measurements of carbon and nutrient fluxes among soils, atmosphere, freshwaters and the marine environment. The synthesis here shows that the Ny-Ålesund study system has the characteristics needed to fill these gaps in knowledge, thereby enhancing our understanding of High-Arctic ecosystems and their responses to environmental variability and change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Polar Research Svalbard Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Norway Ny-Ålesund Svalbard Polar Research 41 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
biogeochemical cycles climate change ecosystem structure and functioning environmental change high arctic human impacts soil Environmental sciences GE1-350 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
spellingShingle |
biogeochemical cycles climate change ecosystem structure and functioning environmental change high arctic human impacts soil Environmental sciences GE1-350 Oceanography GC1-1581 Å.Ø. Pedersen P. Convey K.K. Newsham J.B. Mosbacher E. Fuglei V. Ravolainen B.B. Hansen T.C. Jensen A. Augusti E.M. Biersma E.J. Cooper S.J. Coulson G.W. Gabrielsen J.C. Gallet U. Karsten S.M. Kristiansen M.M. Svenning A.T. Tveit M. Uchida I. Baneschi E. Calizza N. Cannone E.M. de Goede M. Doveri J. Elster M.S. Giamberini K. Hayashi S.I. Lang Y.K. Lee T. Nakatsubo V. Pasquali I.M.G. Paulsen C. Pedersen F. Peng A. Provenzale E. Pushkareva C.A.M. Sandström V. Sklet A. Stach M. Tojo B. Tytgat H. Tømmervik D. Velazquez E. Verleyen J.M. Welker Y.-F. Yao M.J.J.E. Loonen Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard |
topic_facet |
biogeochemical cycles climate change ecosystem structure and functioning environmental change high arctic human impacts soil Environmental sciences GE1-350 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
description |
For more than five decades, research has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, in Svalbard, Norway, to understand the structure and functioning of High-Arctic ecosystems and the profound impacts on them of environmental change. Terrestrial, freshwater, glacial and marine ecosystems are accessible year-round from Ny-Ålesund, providing unique opportunities for interdisciplinary observational and experimental studies along physical, chemical, hydrological and climatic gradients. Here, we synthesize terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund and review current knowledge of biodiversity patterns, species population dynamics and interactions, ecosystem processes, biogeochemical cycles and anthropogenic impacts. There is now strong evidence of past and ongoing biotic changes caused by climate change, including negative effects on populations of many taxa and impacts of rain-on-snow events across multiple trophic levels. While species-level characteristics and responses are well understood for macro-organisms, major knowledge gaps exist for microbes, invertebrates and ecosystem-level processes. In order to fill current knowledge gaps, we recommend (1) maintaining monitoring efforts, while establishing a long-term ecosystem-based monitoring programme; (2) gaining a mechanistic understanding of environmental change impacts on processes and linkages in food webs; (3) identifying trophic interactions and cascades across ecosystems; and (4) integrating long-term data on microbial, invertebrate and freshwater communities, along with measurements of carbon and nutrient fluxes among soils, atmosphere, freshwaters and the marine environment. The synthesis here shows that the Ny-Ålesund study system has the characteristics needed to fill these gaps in knowledge, thereby enhancing our understanding of High-Arctic ecosystems and their responses to environmental variability and change. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Å.Ø. Pedersen P. Convey K.K. Newsham J.B. Mosbacher E. Fuglei V. Ravolainen B.B. Hansen T.C. Jensen A. Augusti E.M. Biersma E.J. Cooper S.J. Coulson G.W. Gabrielsen J.C. Gallet U. Karsten S.M. Kristiansen M.M. Svenning A.T. Tveit M. Uchida I. Baneschi E. Calizza N. Cannone E.M. de Goede M. Doveri J. Elster M.S. Giamberini K. Hayashi S.I. Lang Y.K. Lee T. Nakatsubo V. Pasquali I.M.G. Paulsen C. Pedersen F. Peng A. Provenzale E. Pushkareva C.A.M. Sandström V. Sklet A. Stach M. Tojo B. Tytgat H. Tømmervik D. Velazquez E. Verleyen J.M. Welker Y.-F. Yao M.J.J.E. Loonen |
author_facet |
Å.Ø. Pedersen P. Convey K.K. Newsham J.B. Mosbacher E. Fuglei V. Ravolainen B.B. Hansen T.C. Jensen A. Augusti E.M. Biersma E.J. Cooper S.J. Coulson G.W. Gabrielsen J.C. Gallet U. Karsten S.M. Kristiansen M.M. Svenning A.T. Tveit M. Uchida I. Baneschi E. Calizza N. Cannone E.M. de Goede M. Doveri J. Elster M.S. Giamberini K. Hayashi S.I. Lang Y.K. Lee T. Nakatsubo V. Pasquali I.M.G. Paulsen C. Pedersen F. Peng A. Provenzale E. Pushkareva C.A.M. Sandström V. Sklet A. Stach M. Tojo B. Tytgat H. Tømmervik D. Velazquez E. Verleyen J.M. Welker Y.-F. Yao M.J.J.E. Loonen |
author_sort |
Å.Ø. Pedersen |
title |
Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard |
title_short |
Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard |
title_full |
Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard |
title_sort |
five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at ny-ålesund, svalbard |
publisher |
Norwegian Polar Institute |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v41.6310 https://doaj.org/article/d7aeb52d3dfa4da19eb9d5f0cadd74ac |
geographic |
Arctic Norway Ny-Ålesund Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway Ny-Ålesund Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Polar Research Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Ny Ålesund Ny-Ålesund Polar Research Svalbard |
op_source |
Polar Research, Vol 41, Pp 1-39 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/6310/14518 https://doaj.org/toc/0800-0395 https://doaj.org/toc/1751-8369 0800-0395 1751-8369 doi:10.33265/polar.v41.6310 https://doaj.org/article/d7aeb52d3dfa4da19eb9d5f0cadd74ac |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v41.6310 |
container_title |
Polar Research |
container_volume |
41 |
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1766327666113249280 |