Colitis pseudomembranosa por Clostridium difficile: Reporte de un caso en paciente pediátrico

• Main Authors: Villamarín Johanna, Mejía Ruth, Paredes Patricia, Villacís Sandra, Carrero Yenddy
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English; Spanish
• Published: Universidad del Zulia,Facultad de Medicina,Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Tropicales 2017
• Subjects: diarrea; colitis pseudomembranosa; diarrhea; pseudomembranous colitis; Clostridium difficile; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doaj.org/article/d6f0deba27514b1bb5058e37319cc996

Abstract: Clostridium difficile is a bacillus Gram positive and spore form, anaerobic strictly, resistant to adverse conditions and transmitted by oral - fecal route, it was described by the first time in 1930, nevertheless it’s has been associated to disease in human beings in the decade of the seventies it identified as causal agent of pseudomembranous colitis. Its infection has related to diverse clinical manifestations such as diarrhea without complications, which lead to sepsis and inclusive the death. In the following clinical case we have a male infant 1 year old and 18 months patient, with precedents of hyperthermia and liquid depositions, after several days of antibiotics treatment, the symptoms increased with elimination of membranous rest in the faeces; reason why he is transferred to a hospital, in which the Clostridium difficile toxins test is realized, yielding positive results, therefore the diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis is established metronidazole and vancomycin is given for 7 days having a favorable development. The use of antibiotics is a predisposing factor of pseudomembranous colitis for the affectation of the intestinal microbiota, in addition hospital stays and intrinsic factors. The literature describes a limited number of studies about this infection in pediatric patients, hence the importance of the case report. Resumen: Clostridium difficile es un bacilo Gram positivo esporulado, anaerobio estricto, resistente a condiciones adversas y transmitido por vía oral-fecal, se describió por primera vez en 1930; sin embargo, se asoció a enfermedad en humanos en la década de los setenta al identificarse como agente causal de colitis pseudomembranosa. Esta infección se ha relacionado con diversas manifestaciones clínicas que van desde diarrea sin complicaciones hasta sepsis e incluso la muerte. Se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 1 año 8 meses, con antecedentes de hipertermia y deposiciones líquidas abundantes, tras varios días de tratamiento antibiótico los síntomas ...