Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern
Abstract The arctic tern Sterna paradisaea completes the longest known annual return migration on Earth, traveling between breeding sites in the northern arctic and temperate regions and survival/molt areas in the Antarctic pack‐ice zone. Salomonsen (1967, Biologiske Meddelelser, Copenhagen Danske V...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d61073e828cd428facec52aa93557036 2023-05-15T13:58:08+02:00 Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern Thomas Alerstam Johan Bäckman Johanna Grönroos Patrik Olofsson Roine Strandberg 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5459 https://doaj.org/article/d61073e828cd428facec52aa93557036 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5459 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.5459 https://doaj.org/article/d61073e828cd428facec52aa93557036 Ecology and Evolution, Vol 9, Iss 17, Pp 9511-9531 (2019) Antarctica arctic tern bird migration global migration population segregation Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5459 2022-12-31T07:47:52Z Abstract The arctic tern Sterna paradisaea completes the longest known annual return migration on Earth, traveling between breeding sites in the northern arctic and temperate regions and survival/molt areas in the Antarctic pack‐ice zone. Salomonsen (1967, Biologiske Meddelelser, Copenhagen Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, 24, 1) put forward a hypothetical comprehensive interpretation of this global migration pattern, suggesting food distribution, wind patterns, sea ice distribution, and molt habits as key ecological and evolutionary determinants. We used light‐level geolocators to record 12 annual journeys by eight individuals of arctic terns breeding in the Baltic Sea. Migration cycles were evaluated in light of Salomonsen's hypotheses and compared with results from geolocator studies of arctic tern populations from Greenland, Netherlands, and Alaska. The Baltic terns completed a 50,000 km annual migration circuit, exploiting ocean regions of high productivity in the North Atlantic, Benguela Current, and the Indian Ocean between southern Africa and Australia (sometimes including the Tasman Sea). They arrived about 1 November in the Antarctic zone at far easterly longitudes (in one case even at the Ross Sea) subsequently moving westward across 120–220 degrees of longitude toward the Weddell Sea region. They departed from here in mid‐March on a fast spring migration up the Atlantic Ocean. The geolocator data revealed unexpected segregation in time and space between tern populations in the same flyway. Terns from the Baltic and Netherlands traveled earlier and to significantly more easterly longitudes in the Indian Ocean and Antarctic zone than terns from Greenland. We suggest an adaptive explanation for this pattern. The global migration system of the arctic tern offers an extraordinary possibility to understand adaptive values and constraints in complex pelagic life cycles, as determined by environmental conditions (marine productivity, wind patterns, low‐pressure trajectories, pack‐ice distribution), inherent ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Arctic tern Greenland North Atlantic Ross Sea Sea ice Sterna paradisaea Weddell Sea Alaska Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Weddell Sea Ross Sea Greenland Indian Weddell Ecology and Evolution 9 17 9511 9531 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctica arctic tern bird migration global migration population segregation Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica arctic tern bird migration global migration population segregation Ecology QH540-549.5 Thomas Alerstam Johan Bäckman Johanna Grönroos Patrik Olofsson Roine Strandberg Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern |
topic_facet |
Antarctica arctic tern bird migration global migration population segregation Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Abstract The arctic tern Sterna paradisaea completes the longest known annual return migration on Earth, traveling between breeding sites in the northern arctic and temperate regions and survival/molt areas in the Antarctic pack‐ice zone. Salomonsen (1967, Biologiske Meddelelser, Copenhagen Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, 24, 1) put forward a hypothetical comprehensive interpretation of this global migration pattern, suggesting food distribution, wind patterns, sea ice distribution, and molt habits as key ecological and evolutionary determinants. We used light‐level geolocators to record 12 annual journeys by eight individuals of arctic terns breeding in the Baltic Sea. Migration cycles were evaluated in light of Salomonsen's hypotheses and compared with results from geolocator studies of arctic tern populations from Greenland, Netherlands, and Alaska. The Baltic terns completed a 50,000 km annual migration circuit, exploiting ocean regions of high productivity in the North Atlantic, Benguela Current, and the Indian Ocean between southern Africa and Australia (sometimes including the Tasman Sea). They arrived about 1 November in the Antarctic zone at far easterly longitudes (in one case even at the Ross Sea) subsequently moving westward across 120–220 degrees of longitude toward the Weddell Sea region. They departed from here in mid‐March on a fast spring migration up the Atlantic Ocean. The geolocator data revealed unexpected segregation in time and space between tern populations in the same flyway. Terns from the Baltic and Netherlands traveled earlier and to significantly more easterly longitudes in the Indian Ocean and Antarctic zone than terns from Greenland. We suggest an adaptive explanation for this pattern. The global migration system of the arctic tern offers an extraordinary possibility to understand adaptive values and constraints in complex pelagic life cycles, as determined by environmental conditions (marine productivity, wind patterns, low‐pressure trajectories, pack‐ice distribution), inherent ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thomas Alerstam Johan Bäckman Johanna Grönroos Patrik Olofsson Roine Strandberg |
author_facet |
Thomas Alerstam Johan Bäckman Johanna Grönroos Patrik Olofsson Roine Strandberg |
author_sort |
Thomas Alerstam |
title |
Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern |
title_short |
Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern |
title_full |
Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern |
title_fullStr |
Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: The case of the arctic tern |
title_sort |
hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration: the case of the arctic tern |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5459 https://doaj.org/article/d61073e828cd428facec52aa93557036 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Weddell Sea Ross Sea Greenland Indian Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Weddell Sea Ross Sea Greenland Indian Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Arctic tern Greenland North Atlantic Ross Sea Sea ice Sterna paradisaea Weddell Sea Alaska |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Arctic tern Greenland North Atlantic Ross Sea Sea ice Sterna paradisaea Weddell Sea Alaska |
op_source |
Ecology and Evolution, Vol 9, Iss 17, Pp 9511-9531 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5459 https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758 2045-7758 doi:10.1002/ece3.5459 https://doaj.org/article/d61073e828cd428facec52aa93557036 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5459 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
17 |
container_start_page |
9511 |
op_container_end_page |
9531 |
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1766266245883101184 |