Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region
A realistic simulation of snow cover and its thermal properties are important for accurate modelling of permafrost. We analyse simulated relationships between air and near-surface (20 cm) soil temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region during winter, with a particular focus on snow in...
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2016
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d5edc5b3627d464cb602901137f6cc2c 2023-05-15T17:56:23+02:00 Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region W. Wang A. Rinke J. C. Moore D. Ji X. Cui S. Peng D. M. Lawrence A. D. McGuire E. J. Burke X. Chen B. Decharme C. Koven A. MacDougall K. Saito W. Zhang R. Alkama T. J. Bohn P. Ciais C. Delire I. Gouttevin T. Hajima G. Krinner D. P. Lettenmaier P. A. Miller B. Smith T. Sueyoshi A. B. Sherstiukov 2016-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/d5edc5b3627d464cb602901137f6cc2c EN eng Copernicus Publications http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/1721/2016/tc-10-1721-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/d5edc5b3627d464cb602901137f6cc2c The Cryosphere, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 1721-1737 (2016) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2016 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016 2022-12-31T16:03:14Z A realistic simulation of snow cover and its thermal properties are important for accurate modelling of permafrost. We analyse simulated relationships between air and near-surface (20 cm) soil temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region during winter, with a particular focus on snow insulation effects in nine land surface models, and compare them with observations from 268 Russian stations. There are large cross-model differences in the simulated differences between near-surface soil and air temperatures (Δ T 3 to 14 °C), in the sensitivity of soil-to-air temperature (0.13 to 0.96 °C °C −1 ), and in the relationship between Δ T and snow depth. The observed relationship between Δ T and snow depth can be used as a metric to evaluate the effects of each model's representation of snow insulation, hence guide improvements to the model's conceptual structure and process parameterisations. Models with better performance apply multilayer snow schemes and consider complex snow processes. Some models show poor performance in representing snow insulation due to underestimation of snow depth and/or overestimation of snow conductivity. Generally, models identified as most acceptable with respect to snow insulation simulate reasonable areas of near-surface permafrost (13.19 to 15.77 million km 2 ). However, there is not a simple relationship between the sophistication of the snow insulation in the acceptable models and the simulated area of Northern Hemisphere near-surface permafrost, because several other factors, such as soil depth used in the models, the treatment of soil organic matter content, hydrology and vegetation cover, also affect the simulated permafrost distribution. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost The Cryosphere Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles The Cryosphere 10 4 1721 1737 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 W. Wang A. Rinke J. C. Moore D. Ji X. Cui S. Peng D. M. Lawrence A. D. McGuire E. J. Burke X. Chen B. Decharme C. Koven A. MacDougall K. Saito W. Zhang R. Alkama T. J. Bohn P. Ciais C. Delire I. Gouttevin T. Hajima G. Krinner D. P. Lettenmaier P. A. Miller B. Smith T. Sueyoshi A. B. Sherstiukov Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region |
topic_facet |
Environmental sciences GE1-350 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
A realistic simulation of snow cover and its thermal properties are important for accurate modelling of permafrost. We analyse simulated relationships between air and near-surface (20 cm) soil temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region during winter, with a particular focus on snow insulation effects in nine land surface models, and compare them with observations from 268 Russian stations. There are large cross-model differences in the simulated differences between near-surface soil and air temperatures (Δ T 3 to 14 °C), in the sensitivity of soil-to-air temperature (0.13 to 0.96 °C °C −1 ), and in the relationship between Δ T and snow depth. The observed relationship between Δ T and snow depth can be used as a metric to evaluate the effects of each model's representation of snow insulation, hence guide improvements to the model's conceptual structure and process parameterisations. Models with better performance apply multilayer snow schemes and consider complex snow processes. Some models show poor performance in representing snow insulation due to underestimation of snow depth and/or overestimation of snow conductivity. Generally, models identified as most acceptable with respect to snow insulation simulate reasonable areas of near-surface permafrost (13.19 to 15.77 million km 2 ). However, there is not a simple relationship between the sophistication of the snow insulation in the acceptable models and the simulated area of Northern Hemisphere near-surface permafrost, because several other factors, such as soil depth used in the models, the treatment of soil organic matter content, hydrology and vegetation cover, also affect the simulated permafrost distribution. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
W. Wang A. Rinke J. C. Moore D. Ji X. Cui S. Peng D. M. Lawrence A. D. McGuire E. J. Burke X. Chen B. Decharme C. Koven A. MacDougall K. Saito W. Zhang R. Alkama T. J. Bohn P. Ciais C. Delire I. Gouttevin T. Hajima G. Krinner D. P. Lettenmaier P. A. Miller B. Smith T. Sueyoshi A. B. Sherstiukov |
author_facet |
W. Wang A. Rinke J. C. Moore D. Ji X. Cui S. Peng D. M. Lawrence A. D. McGuire E. J. Burke X. Chen B. Decharme C. Koven A. MacDougall K. Saito W. Zhang R. Alkama T. J. Bohn P. Ciais C. Delire I. Gouttevin T. Hajima G. Krinner D. P. Lettenmaier P. A. Miller B. Smith T. Sueyoshi A. B. Sherstiukov |
author_sort |
W. Wang |
title |
Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region |
title_short |
Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region |
title_full |
Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region |
title_sort |
evaluation of air–soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/d5edc5b3627d464cb602901137f6cc2c |
genre |
permafrost The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
permafrost The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 1721-1737 (2016) |
op_relation |
http://www.the-cryosphere.net/10/1721/2016/tc-10-1721-2016.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0416 https://doaj.org/toc/1994-0424 1994-0416 1994-0424 doi:10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016 https://doaj.org/article/d5edc5b3627d464cb602901137f6cc2c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1721 |
op_container_end_page |
1737 |
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1766164542759370752 |