Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids
Abstract Background Antarctica harbors the bulk of the species diversity of the dominant teleost fish suborder—Notothenioidei. However, the forces that shape their evolution are still under debate. Results We sequenced the genome of an icefish, Chionodraco hamatus, and used population genomics and d...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d40c2200b8254c7692b93bf700ec2acf 2023-05-15T13:39:32+02:00 Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids Ying Lu Wenhao Li Yalin Li Wanying Zhai Xuming Zhou Zhichao Wu Shouwen Jiang Taigang Liu Huamin Wang Ruiqin Hu Yan Zhou Jun Zou Peng Hu Guijun Guan Qianghua Xu Adelino V. M. Canário Liangbiao Chen 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x https://doaj.org/article/d40c2200b8254c7692b93bf700ec2acf EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x https://doaj.org/toc/1741-7007 doi:10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x 1741-7007 https://doaj.org/article/d40c2200b8254c7692b93bf700ec2acf BMC Biology, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2022) Quaternary glacial cycles Selection sweep Reproductive isolation Gut microbiota Adaptive radiation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x 2022-12-30T23:28:08Z Abstract Background Antarctica harbors the bulk of the species diversity of the dominant teleost fish suborder—Notothenioidei. However, the forces that shape their evolution are still under debate. Results We sequenced the genome of an icefish, Chionodraco hamatus, and used population genomics and demographic modelling of sequenced genomes of 52 C. hamatus individuals collected mainly from two East Antarctic regions to investigate the factors driving speciation. Results revealed four icefish populations with clear reproduction separation were established 15 to 50 kya (kilo years ago) during the last glacial maxima (LGM). Selection sweeps in genes involving immune responses, cardiovascular development, and photoperception occurred differentially among the populations and were correlated with population-specific microbial communities and acquisition of distinct morphological features in the icefish taxa. Population and species-specific antifreeze glycoprotein gene expansion and glacial cycle-paced duplication/degeneration of the zona pellucida protein gene families indicated fluctuating thermal environments and periodic influence of glacial cycles on notothenioid divergence. Conclusions We revealed a series of genomic evidence indicating differential adaptation of C. hamatus populations and notothenioid species divergence in the extreme and unique marine environment. We conclude that geographic separation and adaptation to heterogeneous pathogen, oxygen, and light conditions of local habitats, periodically shaped by the glacial cycles, were the key drivers propelling species diversity in Antarctica. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Icefish Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Kya ENVELOPE(8.308,8.308,63.772,63.772) BMC Biology 20 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Quaternary glacial cycles Selection sweep Reproductive isolation Gut microbiota Adaptive radiation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
Quaternary glacial cycles Selection sweep Reproductive isolation Gut microbiota Adaptive radiation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ying Lu Wenhao Li Yalin Li Wanying Zhai Xuming Zhou Zhichao Wu Shouwen Jiang Taigang Liu Huamin Wang Ruiqin Hu Yan Zhou Jun Zou Peng Hu Guijun Guan Qianghua Xu Adelino V. M. Canário Liangbiao Chen Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids |
topic_facet |
Quaternary glacial cycles Selection sweep Reproductive isolation Gut microbiota Adaptive radiation Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
Abstract Background Antarctica harbors the bulk of the species diversity of the dominant teleost fish suborder—Notothenioidei. However, the forces that shape their evolution are still under debate. Results We sequenced the genome of an icefish, Chionodraco hamatus, and used population genomics and demographic modelling of sequenced genomes of 52 C. hamatus individuals collected mainly from two East Antarctic regions to investigate the factors driving speciation. Results revealed four icefish populations with clear reproduction separation were established 15 to 50 kya (kilo years ago) during the last glacial maxima (LGM). Selection sweeps in genes involving immune responses, cardiovascular development, and photoperception occurred differentially among the populations and were correlated with population-specific microbial communities and acquisition of distinct morphological features in the icefish taxa. Population and species-specific antifreeze glycoprotein gene expansion and glacial cycle-paced duplication/degeneration of the zona pellucida protein gene families indicated fluctuating thermal environments and periodic influence of glacial cycles on notothenioid divergence. Conclusions We revealed a series of genomic evidence indicating differential adaptation of C. hamatus populations and notothenioid species divergence in the extreme and unique marine environment. We conclude that geographic separation and adaptation to heterogeneous pathogen, oxygen, and light conditions of local habitats, periodically shaped by the glacial cycles, were the key drivers propelling species diversity in Antarctica. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ying Lu Wenhao Li Yalin Li Wanying Zhai Xuming Zhou Zhichao Wu Shouwen Jiang Taigang Liu Huamin Wang Ruiqin Hu Yan Zhou Jun Zou Peng Hu Guijun Guan Qianghua Xu Adelino V. M. Canário Liangbiao Chen |
author_facet |
Ying Lu Wenhao Li Yalin Li Wanying Zhai Xuming Zhou Zhichao Wu Shouwen Jiang Taigang Liu Huamin Wang Ruiqin Hu Yan Zhou Jun Zou Peng Hu Guijun Guan Qianghua Xu Adelino V. M. Canário Liangbiao Chen |
author_sort |
Ying Lu |
title |
Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids |
title_short |
Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids |
title_full |
Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids |
title_fullStr |
Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in Antarctic notothenioids |
title_sort |
population genomics of an icefish reveals mechanisms of glacier-driven adaptive radiation in antarctic notothenioids |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x https://doaj.org/article/d40c2200b8254c7692b93bf700ec2acf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(8.308,8.308,63.772,63.772) |
geographic |
Antarctic Kya |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Kya |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Icefish |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Icefish |
op_source |
BMC Biology, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x https://doaj.org/toc/1741-7007 doi:10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x 1741-7007 https://doaj.org/article/d40c2200b8254c7692b93bf700ec2acf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-022-01432-x |
container_title |
BMC Biology |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766120008710094848 |