Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave
Background: Climate change is leading to increased water temperatures and reduced oxygen levels at sea-cage sites, and this is a challenge that the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry must adapt to it if it needs to grow sustainably. However, to do this, the industry must better understand how sea-...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d3b62bdcff50421094ce57cd5bb1caeb 2023-05-15T15:31:28+02:00 Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave Anthony K. Gamperl Zoe A. Zrini Rebeccah M. Sandrelli 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594 https://doaj.org/article/d3b62bdcff50421094ce57cd5bb1caeb EN eng Frontiers Media S.A. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X 1664-042X doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.719594 https://doaj.org/article/d3b62bdcff50421094ce57cd5bb1caeb Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021) salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth Physiology QP1-981 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594 2022-12-31T07:41:06Z Background: Climate change is leading to increased water temperatures and reduced oxygen levels at sea-cage sites, and this is a challenge that the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry must adapt to it if it needs to grow sustainably. However, to do this, the industry must better understand how sea-cage conditions influence the physiology and behavior of the fish.Method: We fitted ~2.5 kg Atlantic salmon on the south coast of Newfoundland with Star-Oddi milli-HRT ACT and Milli-TD data loggers (data storage tags, DSTs) in the summer of 2019 that allowed us to simultaneously record the fish's 3D acceleration (i.e., activity/behavior), electrocardiograms (and thus, heart rate and heart rate variability), depth, and temperature from early July to mid-October.Results: Over the course of the summer/fall, surface water temperatures went from ~10–12 to 18–19.5°C, and then fell to 8°C. The data provide valuable information on how cage-site conditions affected the salmon and their determining factors. For example, although the fish typically selected a temperature of 14–18°C when available (i.e., this is their preferred temperature in culture), and thus were found deeper in the cage as surface water temperatures peaked, they continued to use the full range of depths available during the warmest part of the summer. The depth occupied by the fish and heart rate were greater during the day, but the latter effect was not temperature-related. Finally, while the fish generally swam at 0.4–1.0 body lengths per second (25–60 cm s−1), their activity and the proportion of time spent using non-steady swimming (i.e., burst-and-coast swimming) increased when feeding was stopped at high temperatures.Conclusion: Data storage tags that record multiple parameters are an effective tool to understand how cage-site conditions and management influence salmon (fish) behavior, physiology, and welfare in culture, and can even be used to provide fine-scale mapping of environmental conditions. The data collected here, and that in recent ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Newfoundland Salmo salar Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Frontiers in Physiology 12 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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English |
topic |
salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth Physiology QP1-981 |
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salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth Physiology QP1-981 Anthony K. Gamperl Zoe A. Zrini Rebeccah M. Sandrelli Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave |
topic_facet |
salmon temperature heart rate electrocardiogram activity depth Physiology QP1-981 |
description |
Background: Climate change is leading to increased water temperatures and reduced oxygen levels at sea-cage sites, and this is a challenge that the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry must adapt to it if it needs to grow sustainably. However, to do this, the industry must better understand how sea-cage conditions influence the physiology and behavior of the fish.Method: We fitted ~2.5 kg Atlantic salmon on the south coast of Newfoundland with Star-Oddi milli-HRT ACT and Milli-TD data loggers (data storage tags, DSTs) in the summer of 2019 that allowed us to simultaneously record the fish's 3D acceleration (i.e., activity/behavior), electrocardiograms (and thus, heart rate and heart rate variability), depth, and temperature from early July to mid-October.Results: Over the course of the summer/fall, surface water temperatures went from ~10–12 to 18–19.5°C, and then fell to 8°C. The data provide valuable information on how cage-site conditions affected the salmon and their determining factors. For example, although the fish typically selected a temperature of 14–18°C when available (i.e., this is their preferred temperature in culture), and thus were found deeper in the cage as surface water temperatures peaked, they continued to use the full range of depths available during the warmest part of the summer. The depth occupied by the fish and heart rate were greater during the day, but the latter effect was not temperature-related. Finally, while the fish generally swam at 0.4–1.0 body lengths per second (25–60 cm s−1), their activity and the proportion of time spent using non-steady swimming (i.e., burst-and-coast swimming) increased when feeding was stopped at high temperatures.Conclusion: Data storage tags that record multiple parameters are an effective tool to understand how cage-site conditions and management influence salmon (fish) behavior, physiology, and welfare in culture, and can even be used to provide fine-scale mapping of environmental conditions. The data collected here, and that in recent ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Anthony K. Gamperl Zoe A. Zrini Rebeccah M. Sandrelli |
author_facet |
Anthony K. Gamperl Zoe A. Zrini Rebeccah M. Sandrelli |
author_sort |
Anthony K. Gamperl |
title |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave |
title_short |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave |
title_full |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave |
title_fullStr |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Cage-Site Distribution, Behavior, and Physiology During a Newfoundland Heat Wave |
title_sort |
atlantic salmon (salmo salar) cage-site distribution, behavior, and physiology during a newfoundland heat wave |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594 https://doaj.org/article/d3b62bdcff50421094ce57cd5bb1caeb |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Newfoundland Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Newfoundland Salmo salar |
op_source |
Frontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594/full https://doaj.org/toc/1664-042X 1664-042X doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.719594 https://doaj.org/article/d3b62bdcff50421094ce57cd5bb1caeb |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.719594 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Physiology |
container_volume |
12 |
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1766361983912771584 |