Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost
About a fifth of the global wetland methane emissions originate from boreal peatlands, which represent an important land cover type in boreal landscapes in the sporadic permafrost zone. There, rising air temperatures could lead to warmer spring and longer growing seasons, changing landscape methane...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d39bf76f1ebb44a7833dc6f46af2e081 2023-09-05T13:22:31+02:00 Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost Manuel Helbig William L Quinton Oliver Sonnentag 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 https://doaj.org/article/d39bf76f1ebb44a7833dc6f46af2e081 EN eng IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/d39bf76f1ebb44a7833dc6f46af2e081 Environmental Research Letters, Vol 12, Iss 11, p 115009 (2017) methane peatland climate change permafrost soil temperature vegetation productiviy Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 2023-08-13T00:37:34Z About a fifth of the global wetland methane emissions originate from boreal peatlands, which represent an important land cover type in boreal landscapes in the sporadic permafrost zone. There, rising air temperatures could lead to warmer spring and longer growing seasons, changing landscape methane emissions. To quantify the effect of warmer spring conditions on methane emissions of a boreal peat landscape in the sporadic permafrost zone of northwestern Canada, we analyzed four years (2013–2016) of methane fluxes measured with the eddy covariance technique and long-term (1951–2016) meteorological observations from a nearby climate station. In May, after snowmelt was complete, mean air temperatures were more than 2 °C warmer in 2013, 2015, and 2016 than in 2014. Mean growing season (May–August) air temperatures, in contrast, differed by less than 1 °C over the four years. Warmer May air temperatures caused earlier wetland soil warming, with temperatures rising from ~0 °C to >12 °C 25 to 40 days earlier and leading to ~6 °C warmer mean soil temperatures between May and June. However, from July to August, soil temperatures were similar among years. Mean May to August and annual methane emissions (6.4 g CH _4 m ^−2 and 9.4 g CH _4 m ^−2 , respectively) of years with warmer spring (i.e. May) temperatures exceeded emissions during the cooler year by 20%–30% (4.5 g CH _4 m ^−2 and 7.2 g CH _4 m ^−2 , respectively). Among years with warmer springs, growing season methane emissions varied little (±0.5 g CH _4 m ^−2 ). The observed interannual differences are most likely caused by a strong soil temperature control on methane fluxes and large soil temperature differences during the spring. Thus, in a warming climate, methane emissions from waterlogged boreal peat landscapes at the southern limit of permafrost are likely to increase in response to more frequent occurrences of warm springs. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Canada Environmental Research Letters 12 11 115009 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
methane peatland climate change permafrost soil temperature vegetation productiviy Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
spellingShingle |
methane peatland climate change permafrost soil temperature vegetation productiviy Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 Manuel Helbig William L Quinton Oliver Sonnentag Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost |
topic_facet |
methane peatland climate change permafrost soil temperature vegetation productiviy Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Science Q Physics QC1-999 |
description |
About a fifth of the global wetland methane emissions originate from boreal peatlands, which represent an important land cover type in boreal landscapes in the sporadic permafrost zone. There, rising air temperatures could lead to warmer spring and longer growing seasons, changing landscape methane emissions. To quantify the effect of warmer spring conditions on methane emissions of a boreal peat landscape in the sporadic permafrost zone of northwestern Canada, we analyzed four years (2013–2016) of methane fluxes measured with the eddy covariance technique and long-term (1951–2016) meteorological observations from a nearby climate station. In May, after snowmelt was complete, mean air temperatures were more than 2 °C warmer in 2013, 2015, and 2016 than in 2014. Mean growing season (May–August) air temperatures, in contrast, differed by less than 1 °C over the four years. Warmer May air temperatures caused earlier wetland soil warming, with temperatures rising from ~0 °C to >12 °C 25 to 40 days earlier and leading to ~6 °C warmer mean soil temperatures between May and June. However, from July to August, soil temperatures were similar among years. Mean May to August and annual methane emissions (6.4 g CH _4 m ^−2 and 9.4 g CH _4 m ^−2 , respectively) of years with warmer spring (i.e. May) temperatures exceeded emissions during the cooler year by 20%–30% (4.5 g CH _4 m ^−2 and 7.2 g CH _4 m ^−2 , respectively). Among years with warmer springs, growing season methane emissions varied little (±0.5 g CH _4 m ^−2 ). The observed interannual differences are most likely caused by a strong soil temperature control on methane fluxes and large soil temperature differences during the spring. Thus, in a warming climate, methane emissions from waterlogged boreal peat landscapes at the southern limit of permafrost are likely to increase in response to more frequent occurrences of warm springs. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Manuel Helbig William L Quinton Oliver Sonnentag |
author_facet |
Manuel Helbig William L Quinton Oliver Sonnentag |
author_sort |
Manuel Helbig |
title |
Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost |
title_short |
Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost |
title_full |
Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost |
title_fullStr |
Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost |
title_full_unstemmed |
Warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost |
title_sort |
warmer spring conditions increase annual methane emissions from a boreal peat landscape with sporadic permafrost |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 https://doaj.org/article/d39bf76f1ebb44a7833dc6f46af2e081 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_source |
Environmental Research Letters, Vol 12, Iss 11, p 115009 (2017) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 https://doaj.org/toc/1748-9326 doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 1748-9326 https://doaj.org/article/d39bf76f1ebb44a7833dc6f46af2e081 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8c85 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
115009 |
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1776203034527793152 |