The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels
Migrant shorebirds operate within a series of landscapes and must adjust their daily activities to achieve seasonal time and energy objectives. Night roosts are essential landscape elements that provide safety from predators for many shorebird species. What costs migrants incur to use night roosts a...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d34f7c037eff4f4082cbf79f763f3140 2023-05-15T17:47:20+02:00 The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels Bryan D. Watts Fletcher M. Smith Chance Hines Laura Duval Diana J. Hamilton Tim Keyes Julie Paquet Lisa Pirie‐Dominix Jennie Rausch Barry Truitt Brad Winn Paul Woodard 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02629 https://doaj.org/article/d34f7c037eff4f4082cbf79f763f3140 EN eng Wiley https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02629 https://doaj.org/toc/0908-8857 https://doaj.org/toc/1600-048X 1600-048X 0908-8857 doi:10.1111/jav.02629 https://doaj.org/article/d34f7c037eff4f4082cbf79f763f3140 Journal of Avian Biology, Vol 52, Iss 1, Pp n/a-n/a (2021) flight costs migration night roosts Numenius phaeopus satellite tracking Western Atlantic Flyway Biology (General) QH301-705.5 General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02629 2022-12-31T01:13:03Z Migrant shorebirds operate within a series of landscapes and must adjust their daily activities to achieve seasonal time and energy objectives. Night roosts are essential landscape elements that provide safety from predators for many shorebird species. What costs migrants incur to use night roosts and how these costs vary across staging sites are poorly understood. We tracked 42 adult whimbrels Numenius phaeopus with satellite transmitters and used night locations to delineate 39 night roosts during spring and fall migration. We used daytime locations to measure round‐trip commuting distances between night roosts and foraging areas and estimated daily commuting costs including distance, time and metabolic energy expenditure. We identified night roosts on offshore islands (n = 20) and onshore locations including along habitat edges (n = 13) and on topographic highs within extensive marshes (n = 6). Mean daily commuting costs varied between roosts. Whimbrels took 3.9–52.1 min (median = 15.2) to fly 3.1–42.2 km (median = 12.3) which costs 6.1–82.4 kj (median = 22.3) in lean mass energy expenditure and 8.1–109.2 kj (median = 31.5) in leaving mass energy. Birds using offshore roosts had twice the commuting distance and associated costs compared to those using onshore roosts. The contribution of commuting costs to the premigratory energy budget ranged from 1.5 to 18.8% with costs for nearly 30% of roosts exceeding 10%. Commuting costs to and from night roosts appear to be biologically relevant within some staging sites and should be considered among other constraints faced by migrants during stopover periods when food or time is limiting. Article in Journal/Newspaper Numenius phaeopus Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Journal of Avian Biology 52 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
flight costs migration night roosts Numenius phaeopus satellite tracking Western Atlantic Flyway Biology (General) QH301-705.5 General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
spellingShingle |
flight costs migration night roosts Numenius phaeopus satellite tracking Western Atlantic Flyway Biology (General) QH301-705.5 General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Bryan D. Watts Fletcher M. Smith Chance Hines Laura Duval Diana J. Hamilton Tim Keyes Julie Paquet Lisa Pirie‐Dominix Jennie Rausch Barry Truitt Brad Winn Paul Woodard The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels |
topic_facet |
flight costs migration night roosts Numenius phaeopus satellite tracking Western Atlantic Flyway Biology (General) QH301-705.5 General. Including nature conservation geographical distribution QH1-199.5 |
description |
Migrant shorebirds operate within a series of landscapes and must adjust their daily activities to achieve seasonal time and energy objectives. Night roosts are essential landscape elements that provide safety from predators for many shorebird species. What costs migrants incur to use night roosts and how these costs vary across staging sites are poorly understood. We tracked 42 adult whimbrels Numenius phaeopus with satellite transmitters and used night locations to delineate 39 night roosts during spring and fall migration. We used daytime locations to measure round‐trip commuting distances between night roosts and foraging areas and estimated daily commuting costs including distance, time and metabolic energy expenditure. We identified night roosts on offshore islands (n = 20) and onshore locations including along habitat edges (n = 13) and on topographic highs within extensive marshes (n = 6). Mean daily commuting costs varied between roosts. Whimbrels took 3.9–52.1 min (median = 15.2) to fly 3.1–42.2 km (median = 12.3) which costs 6.1–82.4 kj (median = 22.3) in lean mass energy expenditure and 8.1–109.2 kj (median = 31.5) in leaving mass energy. Birds using offshore roosts had twice the commuting distance and associated costs compared to those using onshore roosts. The contribution of commuting costs to the premigratory energy budget ranged from 1.5 to 18.8% with costs for nearly 30% of roosts exceeding 10%. Commuting costs to and from night roosts appear to be biologically relevant within some staging sites and should be considered among other constraints faced by migrants during stopover periods when food or time is limiting. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bryan D. Watts Fletcher M. Smith Chance Hines Laura Duval Diana J. Hamilton Tim Keyes Julie Paquet Lisa Pirie‐Dominix Jennie Rausch Barry Truitt Brad Winn Paul Woodard |
author_facet |
Bryan D. Watts Fletcher M. Smith Chance Hines Laura Duval Diana J. Hamilton Tim Keyes Julie Paquet Lisa Pirie‐Dominix Jennie Rausch Barry Truitt Brad Winn Paul Woodard |
author_sort |
Bryan D. Watts |
title |
The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels |
title_short |
The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels |
title_full |
The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels |
title_fullStr |
The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels |
title_full_unstemmed |
The costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels |
title_sort |
costs of using night roosts for migrating whimbrels |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02629 https://doaj.org/article/d34f7c037eff4f4082cbf79f763f3140 |
genre |
Numenius phaeopus |
genre_facet |
Numenius phaeopus |
op_source |
Journal of Avian Biology, Vol 52, Iss 1, Pp n/a-n/a (2021) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02629 https://doaj.org/toc/0908-8857 https://doaj.org/toc/1600-048X 1600-048X 0908-8857 doi:10.1111/jav.02629 https://doaj.org/article/d34f7c037eff4f4082cbf79f763f3140 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.02629 |
container_title |
Journal of Avian Biology |
container_volume |
52 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766151722958323712 |