Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera
The clustering of mitochondria near pores in the test walls of foraminifera suggests that these perforations play a critical role in metabolic gas exchange. As such, pore measurements could provide a novel means of tracking changes in metabolic rate in the fossil record. However, in planktonic foram...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d2c8ffa297134ef8bbebeb8d634a4ced 2023-05-15T17:34:27+02:00 Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera J. E. Burke W. Renema M. J. Henehan L. E. Elder C. V. Davis A. E. Maas G. L. Foster R. Schiebel P. M. Hull 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 https://doaj.org/article/d2c8ffa297134ef8bbebeb8d634a4ced EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/6607/2018/bg-15-6607-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/d2c8ffa297134ef8bbebeb8d634a4ced Biogeosciences, Vol 15, Pp 6607-6619 (2018) Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2018 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 2022-12-31T14:32:45Z The clustering of mitochondria near pores in the test walls of foraminifera suggests that these perforations play a critical role in metabolic gas exchange. As such, pore measurements could provide a novel means of tracking changes in metabolic rate in the fossil record. However, in planktonic foraminifera, variation in average pore area, density, and porosity (the total percentage of a test wall that is open pore space) have been variously attributed to environmental, biological, and taxonomic drivers, complicating such an interpretation. Here we examine the environmental, biological, and evolutionary determinants of pore characteristics in 718 individuals, representing 17 morphospecies of planktonic foraminifera from 6 core tops in the North Atlantic. Using random forest models, we find that porosity is primarily correlated to test surface area, test volume, and habitat temperature, key factors in determining metabolic rates. In order to test if this correlation arose spuriously through the association of cryptic species with distinct biomes, we cultured Globigerinoides ruber in three different temperature conditions, and found that porosity increased with temperature. Crucially, these results show that porosity can be plastic: changing in response to environmental drivers within the lifetime of an individual foraminifer. This demonstrates the potential of porosity as a proxy for foraminiferal metabolic rates, with significance for interpreting geochemical data and the physiology of foraminifera in non-analog environments. It also highlights the importance of phenotypic plasticity (i.e., ecophenotypy) in accounting for some aspects of morphological variation in the modern and fossil record. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Biogeosciences 15 21 6607 6619 |
institution |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 J. E. Burke W. Renema M. J. Henehan L. E. Elder C. V. Davis A. E. Maas G. L. Foster R. Schiebel P. M. Hull Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
topic_facet |
Ecology QH540-549.5 Life QH501-531 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
The clustering of mitochondria near pores in the test walls of foraminifera suggests that these perforations play a critical role in metabolic gas exchange. As such, pore measurements could provide a novel means of tracking changes in metabolic rate in the fossil record. However, in planktonic foraminifera, variation in average pore area, density, and porosity (the total percentage of a test wall that is open pore space) have been variously attributed to environmental, biological, and taxonomic drivers, complicating such an interpretation. Here we examine the environmental, biological, and evolutionary determinants of pore characteristics in 718 individuals, representing 17 morphospecies of planktonic foraminifera from 6 core tops in the North Atlantic. Using random forest models, we find that porosity is primarily correlated to test surface area, test volume, and habitat temperature, key factors in determining metabolic rates. In order to test if this correlation arose spuriously through the association of cryptic species with distinct biomes, we cultured Globigerinoides ruber in three different temperature conditions, and found that porosity increased with temperature. Crucially, these results show that porosity can be plastic: changing in response to environmental drivers within the lifetime of an individual foraminifer. This demonstrates the potential of porosity as a proxy for foraminiferal metabolic rates, with significance for interpreting geochemical data and the physiology of foraminifera in non-analog environments. It also highlights the importance of phenotypic plasticity (i.e., ecophenotypy) in accounting for some aspects of morphological variation in the modern and fossil record. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. E. Burke W. Renema M. J. Henehan L. E. Elder C. V. Davis A. E. Maas G. L. Foster R. Schiebel P. M. Hull |
author_facet |
J. E. Burke W. Renema M. J. Henehan L. E. Elder C. V. Davis A. E. Maas G. L. Foster R. Schiebel P. M. Hull |
author_sort |
J. E. Burke |
title |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_short |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_full |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_fullStr |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
title_sort |
factors influencing test porosity in planktonic foraminifera |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 https://doaj.org/article/d2c8ffa297134ef8bbebeb8d634a4ced |
genre |
North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Planktonic foraminifera |
op_source |
Biogeosciences, Vol 15, Pp 6607-6619 (2018) |
op_relation |
https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/6607/2018/bg-15-6607-2018.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4170 https://doaj.org/toc/1726-4189 doi:10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 1726-4170 1726-4189 https://doaj.org/article/d2c8ffa297134ef8bbebeb8d634a4ced |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6607-2018 |
container_title |
Biogeosciences |
container_volume |
15 |
container_issue |
21 |
container_start_page |
6607 |
op_container_end_page |
6619 |
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1766133302954033152 |