Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification
Benthic organic enrichment at 2 high-flow Atlantic salmon Salmo salar farms and at a low-flow mussel Mytilus edulis farm was studied to assess the capacity of local physical and biological processes to assimilate organic waste inputs. Geochemical metrics served as proxies for detecting potential bio...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d29bb000a37e4c35994019fef3e05740 2023-05-15T15:32:42+02:00 Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification PJ Cranford L Brager BA Law 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00447 https://doaj.org/article/d29bb000a37e4c35994019fef3e05740 EN eng Inter-Research https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v14/p343-361/ https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534 1869-215X 1869-7534 doi:10.3354/aei00447 https://doaj.org/article/d29bb000a37e4c35994019fef3e05740 Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 14, Pp 343-361 (2022) Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00447 2023-02-12T01:31:31Z Benthic organic enrichment at 2 high-flow Atlantic salmon Salmo salar farms and at a low-flow mussel Mytilus edulis farm was studied to assess the capacity of local physical and biological processes to assimilate organic waste inputs. Geochemical metrics served as proxies for detecting potential biological effects. High-flow sites are generally predicted to assimilate organic enrichment by flow- and wave-induced waste dispersion and metabolic processes. However, a decrease in porewater dissolved oxygen was detected out to 100 m at the salmon farm with cohesive sediments and to approximately 1000 m outside the farm with permeable sediment. Sediment oxygen consumption was responsive to the vertical flux of organic matter, resulting in hypoxic conditions. An increase in total free sulfides (H2S + HS- + S2-) in porewater was restricted to the immediate vicinity of both salmon farms. Despite exhibiting a high degree of small-scale patchiness, benthic effects were greatest at the fish farms during the pre-harvest period, regardless of season. Natural organic enrichment at the mussel farm constrained the assimilative capacity for biodeposition, resulting in substantial free sulfide accumulation. Sediment free sulfide analysis at a wide array of fish and shellfish farms showed that the ion-selective electrode method that is widely prescribed for regulatory aquaculture monitoring gave biased readings relative to methylene blue colorimetry and direct UV spectrophotometry. The ecological quality status classification system was extended to include quantitative relationships between a wide range of geochemical and biological variables employed worldwide to monitor and regulate the effects of benthic organic enrichment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Aquaculture Environment Interactions 14 343 361 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
spellingShingle |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 PJ Cranford L Brager BA Law Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification |
topic_facet |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Ecology QH540-549.5 |
description |
Benthic organic enrichment at 2 high-flow Atlantic salmon Salmo salar farms and at a low-flow mussel Mytilus edulis farm was studied to assess the capacity of local physical and biological processes to assimilate organic waste inputs. Geochemical metrics served as proxies for detecting potential biological effects. High-flow sites are generally predicted to assimilate organic enrichment by flow- and wave-induced waste dispersion and metabolic processes. However, a decrease in porewater dissolved oxygen was detected out to 100 m at the salmon farm with cohesive sediments and to approximately 1000 m outside the farm with permeable sediment. Sediment oxygen consumption was responsive to the vertical flux of organic matter, resulting in hypoxic conditions. An increase in total free sulfides (H2S + HS- + S2-) in porewater was restricted to the immediate vicinity of both salmon farms. Despite exhibiting a high degree of small-scale patchiness, benthic effects were greatest at the fish farms during the pre-harvest period, regardless of season. Natural organic enrichment at the mussel farm constrained the assimilative capacity for biodeposition, resulting in substantial free sulfide accumulation. Sediment free sulfide analysis at a wide array of fish and shellfish farms showed that the ion-selective electrode method that is widely prescribed for regulatory aquaculture monitoring gave biased readings relative to methylene blue colorimetry and direct UV spectrophotometry. The ecological quality status classification system was extended to include quantitative relationships between a wide range of geochemical and biological variables employed worldwide to monitor and regulate the effects of benthic organic enrichment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
PJ Cranford L Brager BA Law |
author_facet |
PJ Cranford L Brager BA Law |
author_sort |
PJ Cranford |
title |
Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification |
title_short |
Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification |
title_full |
Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification |
title_fullStr |
Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification |
title_sort |
aquaculture organic enrichment of marine sediments: assimilative capacity, geochemical indicators, variability, and impact classification |
publisher |
Inter-Research |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00447 https://doaj.org/article/d29bb000a37e4c35994019fef3e05740 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol 14, Pp 343-361 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/aei/v14/p343-361/ https://doaj.org/toc/1869-215X https://doaj.org/toc/1869-7534 1869-215X 1869-7534 doi:10.3354/aei00447 https://doaj.org/article/d29bb000a37e4c35994019fef3e05740 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00447 |
container_title |
Aquaculture Environment Interactions |
container_volume |
14 |
container_start_page |
343 |
op_container_end_page |
361 |
_version_ |
1766363198939725824 |