Comparative genome-wide polymorphic microsatellite markers in Antarctic penguins through next generation sequencing

Abstract Microsatellites are valuable molecular markers for evolutionary and ecological studies. Next generation sequencing is responsible for the increasing number of microsatellites for non-model species. Penguins of the Pygoscelis genus are comprised of three species: Adélie (P. adeliae), Chinstr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genetics and Molecular Biology
Main Authors: Juliana A. Vianna, Daly Noll, Isidora Mura-Jornet, Paulina Valenzuela-Guerra, Daniel González-Acuña, Cristell Navarro, David E. Loyola, Gisele P. M. Dantas
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Genética
Subjects:
microsatellite markers
penguin
genome
polymorphism
tetranucleotide
Genetics
QH426-470
Antarctic
Antarc*
Antarctica
antarcticus
Gentoo penguin
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0224
https://doaj.org/article/d23930027b324dd187007bf5cef27a77
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Summary:Abstract Microsatellites are valuable molecular markers for evolutionary and ecological studies. Next generation sequencing is responsible for the increasing number of microsatellites for non-model species. Penguins of the Pygoscelis genus are comprised of three species: Adélie (P. adeliae), Chinstrap (P. antarcticus) and Gentoo penguin (P. papua), all distributed around Antarctica and the sub-Antarctic. The species have been affected differently by climate change, and the use of microsatellite markers will be crucial to monitor population dynamics. We characterized a large set of genome-wide microsatellites and evaluated polymorphisms in all three species. SOLiD reads were generated from the libraries of each species, identifying a large amount of microsatellite loci: 33,677, 35,265 and 42,057 for P. adeliae, P. antarcticus and P. papua, respectively. A large number of dinucleotide (66,139), trinucleotide (29,490) and tetranucleotide (11,849) microsatellites are described. Microsatellite abundance, diversity and orthology were characterized in penguin genomes. We evaluated polymorphisms in 170 tetranucleotide loci, obtaining 34 polymorphic loci in at least one species and 15 polymorphic loci in all three species, which allow to perform comparative studies. Polymorphic markers presented here enable a number of ecological, population, individual identification, parentage and evolutionary studies of Pygoscelis, with potential use in other penguin species.

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