Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification
Bivalves frequently withstand shell damage that must be quickly repaired to ensure survival. While the processes that underlie larval shell development have been extensively studied within the context of ocean acidification (OA), it remains unclear whether shell repair is impacted by elevated p CO 2...
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2022
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d1f4b11ad15f41f49328f553f3c3940c 2023-05-15T17:50:44+02:00 Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification Matthew N. George Michael J. O’Donnell Michael Concodello Emily Carrington 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030359 https://doaj.org/article/d1f4b11ad15f41f49328f553f3c3940c EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/3/359 https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312 doi:10.3390/jmse10030359 2077-1312 https://doaj.org/article/d1f4b11ad15f41f49328f553f3c3940c Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 10, Iss 359, p 359 (2022) biomineralization calcification Mytilus edulis Mytilus trossulus predator-prey interactions Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030359 2022-12-31T08:24:27Z Bivalves frequently withstand shell damage that must be quickly repaired to ensure survival. While the processes that underlie larval shell development have been extensively studied within the context of ocean acidification (OA), it remains unclear whether shell repair is impacted by elevated p CO 2 . To better understand the stereotypical shell repair process, we monitored mussels ( Mytilus edulis ) with sublethal shell damage that breached the mantle cavity within both field and laboratory conditions to characterize the deposition rate, composition, and integrity of repaired shell. Results were then compared with a laboratory experiment wherein mussels ( Mytilus trossulus ) repaired shell damage in one of seven p CO 2 treatments (400–2500 µatm). Shell repair proceeded through distinct stages; an organic membrane first covered the damaged area (days 1–15), followed by the deposition of calcite crystals (days 22–43) and aragonite tablets (days 51–69). OA did not impact the ability of mussels to close drill holes, nor the microstructure, composition, or integrity of end-point repaired shell after 10 weeks, as measured by µCT and SEM imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and mechanical testing. However, significant interactions between p CO 2 , the length of exposure to treatment conditions, the strength and inorganic content of shell, and the physiological condition of mussels within OA treatments were observed. These results suggest that while OA does not prevent adult mussels from repairing or mineralizing shell, both OA and shell damage may elicit stress responses that impose energetic constraints on mussel physiology. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10 3 359 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
biomineralization calcification Mytilus edulis Mytilus trossulus predator-prey interactions Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
spellingShingle |
biomineralization calcification Mytilus edulis Mytilus trossulus predator-prey interactions Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 Matthew N. George Michael J. O’Donnell Michael Concodello Emily Carrington Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification |
topic_facet |
biomineralization calcification Mytilus edulis Mytilus trossulus predator-prey interactions Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 |
description |
Bivalves frequently withstand shell damage that must be quickly repaired to ensure survival. While the processes that underlie larval shell development have been extensively studied within the context of ocean acidification (OA), it remains unclear whether shell repair is impacted by elevated p CO 2 . To better understand the stereotypical shell repair process, we monitored mussels ( Mytilus edulis ) with sublethal shell damage that breached the mantle cavity within both field and laboratory conditions to characterize the deposition rate, composition, and integrity of repaired shell. Results were then compared with a laboratory experiment wherein mussels ( Mytilus trossulus ) repaired shell damage in one of seven p CO 2 treatments (400–2500 µatm). Shell repair proceeded through distinct stages; an organic membrane first covered the damaged area (days 1–15), followed by the deposition of calcite crystals (days 22–43) and aragonite tablets (days 51–69). OA did not impact the ability of mussels to close drill holes, nor the microstructure, composition, or integrity of end-point repaired shell after 10 weeks, as measured by µCT and SEM imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and mechanical testing. However, significant interactions between p CO 2 , the length of exposure to treatment conditions, the strength and inorganic content of shell, and the physiological condition of mussels within OA treatments were observed. These results suggest that while OA does not prevent adult mussels from repairing or mineralizing shell, both OA and shell damage may elicit stress responses that impose energetic constraints on mussel physiology. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Matthew N. George Michael J. O’Donnell Michael Concodello Emily Carrington |
author_facet |
Matthew N. George Michael J. O’Donnell Michael Concodello Emily Carrington |
author_sort |
Matthew N. George |
title |
Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification |
title_short |
Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification |
title_full |
Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification |
title_fullStr |
Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mussels Repair Shell Damage despite Limitations Imposed by Ocean Acidification |
title_sort |
mussels repair shell damage despite limitations imposed by ocean acidification |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030359 https://doaj.org/article/d1f4b11ad15f41f49328f553f3c3940c |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 10, Iss 359, p 359 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/3/359 https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312 doi:10.3390/jmse10030359 2077-1312 https://doaj.org/article/d1f4b11ad15f41f49328f553f3c3940c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030359 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
359 |
_version_ |
1766157614088978432 |