Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi
Abstract Background The World Health Organization has recommended that anaemia be used as an additional indicator to monitor malaria burden at the community level as malaria interventions are nationally scaled up. To date, there are no published evaluations of this recommendation. Methods To evaluat...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:d009d445550e4a83a43fa01f4ff7ade1 2023-05-15T15:18:09+02:00 Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi Bronzan Rachel N Wolkon Adam Eng Jodi Campbell Carl H Mathanga Don P Malenga Grace J Ali Doreen Desai Meghna 2010-04-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-107 https://doaj.org/article/d009d445550e4a83a43fa01f4ff7ade1 EN eng BMC http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/107 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-107 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/d009d445550e4a83a43fa01f4ff7ade1 Malaria Journal, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 107 (2010) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 article 2010 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-107 2022-12-31T09:14:32Z Abstract Background The World Health Organization has recommended that anaemia be used as an additional indicator to monitor malaria burden at the community level as malaria interventions are nationally scaled up. To date, there are no published evaluations of this recommendation. Methods To evaluate this recommendation, a comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia among 6-30 month old children was made during two repeated cross-sectional household (HH) and health facility (HF) surveys in six districts across Malawi at baseline (2005) and in a follow-up survey (2008) after a scale up of malaria control interventions. Results HH net ownership did not increase between the years (50.5% vs. 49.8%), but insecticide treated net (ITN) ownership increased modestly from 41.5% (95% CI: 37.2%-45.8%) in 2005 to 45.3% (95% CI: 42.6%-48.0%) in 2008. ITN use by children 6-30 months old, who were living in HH with at least one net, increased from 73.6% (95% CI:68.2%-79.1%) to 80.0% (95% CI:75.9%-84.1%) over the three-year period. This modest increase in ITN use was associated with a decrease in moderate to severe anaemia (Hb <8 g/dl) from 18.4% (95% CI:14.9%-21.8%) in 2005 to 15.4% (13.2%-17.7%) in 2008, while parasitaemia, measured as positive-slide microscopy, decreased from 18.9% (95% CI:14.7%-23.2%) to 16.9% (95% CI:13.8%-20.0%), a relative reduction of 16% and 11%, respectively. In HF surveys, anaemia prevalence decreased from 18.3% (95% CI: 14.9%-21.7%) to 15.4% (95% CI: 12.7%-18.2%), while parasitaemia decreased from 30.6% (95% CI: 25.7%-35.5%) to 13.2% (95% CI: 10.6%-15.8%), a relative reduction of 15% and 57%, respectively. Conclusion Increasing access to effective malaria prevention was associated with a reduced burden of malaria in young Malawian children. Anaemia measured at the HF level at time of routine vaccination may be a good surrogate indicator for its measurement at the HH level in evaluating national malaria control programmes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Malaria Journal 9 1 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
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English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Bronzan Rachel N Wolkon Adam Eng Jodi Campbell Carl H Mathanga Don P Malenga Grace J Ali Doreen Desai Meghna Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 |
description |
Abstract Background The World Health Organization has recommended that anaemia be used as an additional indicator to monitor malaria burden at the community level as malaria interventions are nationally scaled up. To date, there are no published evaluations of this recommendation. Methods To evaluate this recommendation, a comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia among 6-30 month old children was made during two repeated cross-sectional household (HH) and health facility (HF) surveys in six districts across Malawi at baseline (2005) and in a follow-up survey (2008) after a scale up of malaria control interventions. Results HH net ownership did not increase between the years (50.5% vs. 49.8%), but insecticide treated net (ITN) ownership increased modestly from 41.5% (95% CI: 37.2%-45.8%) in 2005 to 45.3% (95% CI: 42.6%-48.0%) in 2008. ITN use by children 6-30 months old, who were living in HH with at least one net, increased from 73.6% (95% CI:68.2%-79.1%) to 80.0% (95% CI:75.9%-84.1%) over the three-year period. This modest increase in ITN use was associated with a decrease in moderate to severe anaemia (Hb <8 g/dl) from 18.4% (95% CI:14.9%-21.8%) in 2005 to 15.4% (13.2%-17.7%) in 2008, while parasitaemia, measured as positive-slide microscopy, decreased from 18.9% (95% CI:14.7%-23.2%) to 16.9% (95% CI:13.8%-20.0%), a relative reduction of 16% and 11%, respectively. In HF surveys, anaemia prevalence decreased from 18.3% (95% CI: 14.9%-21.7%) to 15.4% (95% CI: 12.7%-18.2%), while parasitaemia decreased from 30.6% (95% CI: 25.7%-35.5%) to 13.2% (95% CI: 10.6%-15.8%), a relative reduction of 15% and 57%, respectively. Conclusion Increasing access to effective malaria prevention was associated with a reduced burden of malaria in young Malawian children. Anaemia measured at the HF level at time of routine vaccination may be a good surrogate indicator for its measurement at the HH level in evaluating national malaria control programmes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bronzan Rachel N Wolkon Adam Eng Jodi Campbell Carl H Mathanga Don P Malenga Grace J Ali Doreen Desai Meghna |
author_facet |
Bronzan Rachel N Wolkon Adam Eng Jodi Campbell Carl H Mathanga Don P Malenga Grace J Ali Doreen Desai Meghna |
author_sort |
Bronzan Rachel N |
title |
Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi |
title_short |
Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi |
title_full |
Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi |
title_fullStr |
Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and EPI-health facility surveys in Malawi |
title_sort |
comparison of anaemia and parasitaemia as indicators of malaria control in household and epi-health facility surveys in malawi |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-107 https://doaj.org/article/d009d445550e4a83a43fa01f4ff7ade1 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Malaria Journal, Vol 9, Iss 1, p 107 (2010) |
op_relation |
http://www.malariajournal.com/content/9/1/107 https://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-9-107 1475-2875 https://doaj.org/article/d009d445550e4a83a43fa01f4ff7ade1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-9-107 |
container_title |
Malaria Journal |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1766348385722302464 |