Suppression of Plasmodium falciparum by serum collected from a case of Plasmodium vivax infection

Abstract Background It has frequently been reported that Plasmodium vivax suppressed Plasmodium falciparum and ameliorated disease severity in patients infected with these two species simultaneously. The authors investigate the hypothesis that immunological responses stimulated by P. vivax may play...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Malaria Journal
Main Authors: de Souza J Brian, Tan-ariya Peerapan, Ishida Takafumi, Wilairatana Polrat, Thongrungkiat Supatra, Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr Porntip, Kimura-Sato Masako, Nagao Yoshiro, Krudsood Srivicha, Looareesuwan Sornchai
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: BMC 2008
Subjects:
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RC955-962
Infectious and parasitic diseases
RC109-216
Arctic
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-113
https://doaj.org/article/cfb484931b3d4a0292cc014744b16e50
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Summary:Abstract Background It has frequently been reported that Plasmodium vivax suppressed Plasmodium falciparum and ameliorated disease severity in patients infected with these two species simultaneously. The authors investigate the hypothesis that immunological responses stimulated by P. vivax may play a role in suppressing co-infecting P. falciparum . Methods Sera, taken sequentially from one of the authors (YN) during experimental infection with P. vivax , were added to in vitro cultures of P. falciparum . Cross-reactive antibodies against P. falciparum antigens, and cytokines were measured in the sera. Results Significant growth inhibitory effects upon P. falciparum cultures (maximally 68% inhibition as compared to pre-illness average) were observed in the sera collected during an acute episode. Such inhibitory effects showed a strong positive temporal correlation with cross-reactive antibodies, especially IgM against P. falciparum schizont extract and, to a lesser degree, IgM against Merozoite Surface Protein (MSP)-1 19 . Interleukin (IL)-12 showed the highest temporal correlation with P. vivax parasitaemia and with body temperatures in the volunteer. Conclusion These results suggest the involvement by cross-reactive antibodies, especially IgM, in the interplay between plasmodial species. IL-12 may be one of direct mediators of fever induction by rupturing P. vivax schizonts, at least in some subjects. Future studies, preferably of epidemiological design, to reveal the association between cross-reactive IgM and cross-plasmodial interaction, are warranted.

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