Unprecedented Outbreak of Harmful Algae in Pacific Coastal Waters off Southeast Hokkaido, Japan, during Late Summer 2021 after Record-Breaking Marine Heatwaves

• Published in: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
• Main Authors: Hiroshi Kuroda, Tomonori Azumaya, Takashi Setou, Natsuki Hasegawa
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021
• Subjects: HABs; Karenia; satellite monitoring; high-resolution ocean modeling; particle-tracking simulation; Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering; VM1-989; Oceanography; GC1-1581; Okhotsk; Pacific; Kamchatka Peninsula; Oyashio; Kamchatka; Sakhalin; Subarctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121335; https://doaj.org/article/cf84bbc422834aea8bc73f554c489e76

Unprecedented large-scale harmful algae blooms (HABs) were reported in coastal waters off the south-eastern coast of Hokkaido, Japan, in mid-to-late September 2021, about a month after very intense and extensive marine heatwaves subsided. To understand the physical–biological processes associated wi...