Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate
We use the ECHAM-HAMMOZ aerosol-climate model to assess the effects of black carbon (BC) mitigation measures on Arctic climate. To this end we constructed several mitigation scenarios that implement all currently existing legislation and then implement further reductions of BC in a successively incr...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cf2c989d1e25438ba7d5414d049f0f8c 2023-05-15T14:30:43+02:00 Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate T. Kühn K. Kupiainen T. Miinalainen H. Kokkola V.-V. Paunu A. Laakso J. Tonttila R. Van Dingenen K. Kulovesi N. Karvosenoja K. E. J. Lehtinen 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5527-2020 https://doaj.org/article/cf2c989d1e25438ba7d5414d049f0f8c EN eng Copernicus Publications https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/20/5527/2020/acp-20-5527-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-20-5527-2020 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/cf2c989d1e25438ba7d5414d049f0f8c Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 20, Pp 5527-5546 (2020) Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5527-2020 2022-12-31T03:33:58Z We use the ECHAM-HAMMOZ aerosol-climate model to assess the effects of black carbon (BC) mitigation measures on Arctic climate. To this end we constructed several mitigation scenarios that implement all currently existing legislation and then implement further reductions of BC in a successively increasing global area, starting from the eight member states of the Arctic Council, expanding to its active observer states, then to all observer states, and finally to the entire globe. These scenarios also account for the reduction of the co-emitted organic carbon (OC) and sulfate (SU). We find that, even though the additional BC emission reductions in the member states of the Arctic Council are small, the resulting reductions in Arctic BC mass burdens can be substantial, especially in the lower troposphere close to the surface. This in turn means that reducing BC emissions only in the Arctic Council member states can reduce BC deposition in the Arctic by about 30 % compared to the current legislation, which is about 60 % of what could be achieved if emissions were reduced globally. Emission reductions further south affect Arctic BC concentrations at higher altitudes and thus only have small additional effects on BC deposition in the Arctic. The direct radiative forcing scales fairly well with the total amount of BC emission reduction, independent of the location of the emission source, with a maximum direct radiative forcing in the Arctic of about −0.4 W m −2 for a global BC emission reduction. On the other hand, the Arctic effective radiative forcing due to the BC emission reductions, which accounts for aerosol–cloud interactions, is small compared to the direct aerosol radiative forcing. This happens because BC- and OC-containing particles can act as cloud condensation nuclei, which affects cloud reflectivity and lifetime and counteracts the direct radiative forcing of BC. Additionally, the effective radiative forcing is accompanied by very large uncertainties that originate from the strong natural variability of ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Council Arctic black carbon Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20 9 5527 5546 |
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Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
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Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 T. Kühn K. Kupiainen T. Miinalainen H. Kokkola V.-V. Paunu A. Laakso J. Tonttila R. Van Dingenen K. Kulovesi N. Karvosenoja K. E. J. Lehtinen Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate |
topic_facet |
Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
description |
We use the ECHAM-HAMMOZ aerosol-climate model to assess the effects of black carbon (BC) mitigation measures on Arctic climate. To this end we constructed several mitigation scenarios that implement all currently existing legislation and then implement further reductions of BC in a successively increasing global area, starting from the eight member states of the Arctic Council, expanding to its active observer states, then to all observer states, and finally to the entire globe. These scenarios also account for the reduction of the co-emitted organic carbon (OC) and sulfate (SU). We find that, even though the additional BC emission reductions in the member states of the Arctic Council are small, the resulting reductions in Arctic BC mass burdens can be substantial, especially in the lower troposphere close to the surface. This in turn means that reducing BC emissions only in the Arctic Council member states can reduce BC deposition in the Arctic by about 30 % compared to the current legislation, which is about 60 % of what could be achieved if emissions were reduced globally. Emission reductions further south affect Arctic BC concentrations at higher altitudes and thus only have small additional effects on BC deposition in the Arctic. The direct radiative forcing scales fairly well with the total amount of BC emission reduction, independent of the location of the emission source, with a maximum direct radiative forcing in the Arctic of about −0.4 W m −2 for a global BC emission reduction. On the other hand, the Arctic effective radiative forcing due to the BC emission reductions, which accounts for aerosol–cloud interactions, is small compared to the direct aerosol radiative forcing. This happens because BC- and OC-containing particles can act as cloud condensation nuclei, which affects cloud reflectivity and lifetime and counteracts the direct radiative forcing of BC. Additionally, the effective radiative forcing is accompanied by very large uncertainties that originate from the strong natural variability of ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
T. Kühn K. Kupiainen T. Miinalainen H. Kokkola V.-V. Paunu A. Laakso J. Tonttila R. Van Dingenen K. Kulovesi N. Karvosenoja K. E. J. Lehtinen |
author_facet |
T. Kühn K. Kupiainen T. Miinalainen H. Kokkola V.-V. Paunu A. Laakso J. Tonttila R. Van Dingenen K. Kulovesi N. Karvosenoja K. E. J. Lehtinen |
author_sort |
T. Kühn |
title |
Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate |
title_short |
Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate |
title_full |
Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate |
title_fullStr |
Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of black carbon mitigation on Arctic climate |
title_sort |
effects of black carbon mitigation on arctic climate |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5527-2020 https://doaj.org/article/cf2c989d1e25438ba7d5414d049f0f8c |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Council Arctic black carbon |
genre_facet |
Arctic Council Arctic black carbon |
op_source |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 20, Pp 5527-5546 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/20/5527/2020/acp-20-5527-2020.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7316 https://doaj.org/toc/1680-7324 doi:10.5194/acp-20-5527-2020 1680-7316 1680-7324 https://doaj.org/article/cf2c989d1e25438ba7d5414d049f0f8c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5527-2020 |
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Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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20 |
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9 |
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5527 |
op_container_end_page |
5546 |
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