State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period
Recently, a record of large, mostly unknown volcanic eruptions occurring during the younger half of the last glacial period (12–60 ka) has been compiled from ice-core records. In both Greenland and Antarctica these eruptions led to significant deposition of sulfate aerosols, which were likely transp...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2024
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-313-2024 https://doaj.org/article/ceff5a62b7c046078c48892c00543723 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ceff5a62b7c046078c48892c00543723 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ceff5a62b7c046078c48892c00543723 2024-09-09T19:07:05+00:00 State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period J. Lohmann J. Lin B. M. Vinther S. O. Rasmussen A. Svensson 2024-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-313-2024 https://doaj.org/article/ceff5a62b7c046078c48892c00543723 EN eng Copernicus Publications https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/20/313/2024/cp-20-313-2024.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 doi:10.5194/cp-20-313-2024 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/ceff5a62b7c046078c48892c00543723 Climate of the Past, Vol 20, Pp 313-333 (2024) Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 article 2024 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-313-2024 2024-08-05T17:50:04Z Recently, a record of large, mostly unknown volcanic eruptions occurring during the younger half of the last glacial period (12–60 ka) has been compiled from ice-core records. In both Greenland and Antarctica these eruptions led to significant deposition of sulfate aerosols, which were likely transported in the stratosphere, thereby inducing a climate response. Here we report the first attempt to identify the climatic impact of volcanic eruptions in the last glacial period from ice cores. Average negative anomalies in high-resolution Greenland and Antarctic oxygen isotope records suggest a multi-annual volcanic cooling. Due to internal climate variability, glaciological noise, and uncertainties in the eruption age, the high-frequency noise level often exceeds the cooling induced by individual eruptions. Thus, cooling estimates for individual eruptions cannot be determined reliably. The average isotopic anomaly at the time of deposition also remains uncertain, since the signal degrades over time as a result of layer thinning and diffusion, which act to lower the resolution of both the oxygen isotope and sulfur records. Regardless of these quantitative uncertainties, there is a clear relationship of the magnitude of isotopic anomaly and sulfur deposition. Further, the isotopic signal during the cold stadial periods is larger in Greenland and smaller in Antarctica than during the milder interstadial periods for eruptions of equal sulfur deposition magnitude. In contrast, the largest reductions in snow accumulation associated with the eruptions occur during the interstadial periods. This may be the result of a state-dependent climate sensitivity, but we cannot rule out the possibility that changes in the sensitivity of the isotope thermometer or in the radiative forcing of eruptions of a given sulfur ejection may play a role as well. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland ice core Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Antarctic Greenland Climate of the Past 20 2 313 333 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
spellingShingle |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 J. Lohmann J. Lin B. M. Vinther S. O. Rasmussen A. Svensson State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period |
topic_facet |
Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
description |
Recently, a record of large, mostly unknown volcanic eruptions occurring during the younger half of the last glacial period (12–60 ka) has been compiled from ice-core records. In both Greenland and Antarctica these eruptions led to significant deposition of sulfate aerosols, which were likely transported in the stratosphere, thereby inducing a climate response. Here we report the first attempt to identify the climatic impact of volcanic eruptions in the last glacial period from ice cores. Average negative anomalies in high-resolution Greenland and Antarctic oxygen isotope records suggest a multi-annual volcanic cooling. Due to internal climate variability, glaciological noise, and uncertainties in the eruption age, the high-frequency noise level often exceeds the cooling induced by individual eruptions. Thus, cooling estimates for individual eruptions cannot be determined reliably. The average isotopic anomaly at the time of deposition also remains uncertain, since the signal degrades over time as a result of layer thinning and diffusion, which act to lower the resolution of both the oxygen isotope and sulfur records. Regardless of these quantitative uncertainties, there is a clear relationship of the magnitude of isotopic anomaly and sulfur deposition. Further, the isotopic signal during the cold stadial periods is larger in Greenland and smaller in Antarctica than during the milder interstadial periods for eruptions of equal sulfur deposition magnitude. In contrast, the largest reductions in snow accumulation associated with the eruptions occur during the interstadial periods. This may be the result of a state-dependent climate sensitivity, but we cannot rule out the possibility that changes in the sensitivity of the isotope thermometer or in the radiative forcing of eruptions of a given sulfur ejection may play a role as well. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
J. Lohmann J. Lin B. M. Vinther S. O. Rasmussen A. Svensson |
author_facet |
J. Lohmann J. Lin B. M. Vinther S. O. Rasmussen A. Svensson |
author_sort |
J. Lohmann |
title |
State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period |
title_short |
State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period |
title_full |
State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period |
title_fullStr |
State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period |
title_full_unstemmed |
State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period |
title_sort |
state-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-313-2024 https://doaj.org/article/ceff5a62b7c046078c48892c00543723 |
geographic |
Antarctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland ice core |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland ice core |
op_source |
Climate of the Past, Vol 20, Pp 313-333 (2024) |
op_relation |
https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/20/313/2024/cp-20-313-2024.pdf https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324 https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332 doi:10.5194/cp-20-313-2024 1814-9324 1814-9332 https://doaj.org/article/ceff5a62b7c046078c48892c00543723 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-313-2024 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
313 |
op_container_end_page |
333 |
_version_ |
1809821133518667776 |