Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019
We present the first-ever mass-balance (MB) observation (2014–19), reconstruction (between 1978 and 2019) and sensitivity of debris-free Stok glacier (33.98°N, 77.45°E), Ladakh Region, India. In-situ MB was negative throughout the study period except in 2018/19 when the glacier witnessed a balanced...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:ceebe072ece74a8cb3fd392272a0dbba 2023-05-15T16:57:35+02:00 Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019 Mohd Soheb Alagappan Ramanathan Thupstan Angchuk Arindan Mandal Naveen Kumar Sonam Lotus 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.34 https://doaj.org/article/ceebe072ece74a8cb3fd392272a0dbba EN eng Cambridge University Press https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143020000349/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2020.34 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/ceebe072ece74a8cb3fd392272a0dbba Journal of Glaciology, Vol 66, Pp 627-642 (2020) Glacier Ladakh mass balance precipitation sensitivity temperature Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 article 2020 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.34 2023-03-12T01:30:57Z We present the first-ever mass-balance (MB) observation (2014–19), reconstruction (between 1978 and 2019) and sensitivity of debris-free Stok glacier (33.98°N, 77.45°E), Ladakh Region, India. In-situ MB was negative throughout the study period except in 2018/19 when the glacier witnessed a balanced condition. For MB modelling, three periods were considered based on the available data. Period I (1978–87, 1988/89) witnessed a near balance condition (−0.03 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) with five positive MB years. Whereas Period II (1998–2002, 2003–09) and III (2011–19) experienced high (−0.9 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) and moderate (−0.46 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) negative MBs, respectively. Glacier area for these periods was derived from the Corona, Landsat and PlanetScope imageries using a semi-automatic approach. The in-situ and modelled MBs were in good agreement with RMSE of 0.23 m w.e. a−1, R2 = 0.92, P < 0.05. The average mass loss was moderate (−0.47 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) over 28 hydrological years between 1978 and 2019. Sensitivity analysis showed that the glacier was more sensitive to summer temperature (−0.32 m w.e. a−1 °C−1) and winter precipitation (0.12 m w.e. a−1 for ± 10%). It was estimated that ~27% increase in precipitation is required on Stok glacier to compensate for the mass loss due to 1°C rise in temperature. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Journal of Glaciology 66 258 627 642 |
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op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Glacier Ladakh mass balance precipitation sensitivity temperature Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
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Glacier Ladakh mass balance precipitation sensitivity temperature Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 Mohd Soheb Alagappan Ramanathan Thupstan Angchuk Arindan Mandal Naveen Kumar Sonam Lotus Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019 |
topic_facet |
Glacier Ladakh mass balance precipitation sensitivity temperature Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 |
description |
We present the first-ever mass-balance (MB) observation (2014–19), reconstruction (between 1978 and 2019) and sensitivity of debris-free Stok glacier (33.98°N, 77.45°E), Ladakh Region, India. In-situ MB was negative throughout the study period except in 2018/19 when the glacier witnessed a balanced condition. For MB modelling, three periods were considered based on the available data. Period I (1978–87, 1988/89) witnessed a near balance condition (−0.03 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) with five positive MB years. Whereas Period II (1998–2002, 2003–09) and III (2011–19) experienced high (−0.9 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) and moderate (−0.46 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) negative MBs, respectively. Glacier area for these periods was derived from the Corona, Landsat and PlanetScope imageries using a semi-automatic approach. The in-situ and modelled MBs were in good agreement with RMSE of 0.23 m w.e. a−1, R2 = 0.92, P < 0.05. The average mass loss was moderate (−0.47 ± 0.35 m w.e. a−1) over 28 hydrological years between 1978 and 2019. Sensitivity analysis showed that the glacier was more sensitive to summer temperature (−0.32 m w.e. a−1 °C−1) and winter precipitation (0.12 m w.e. a−1 for ± 10%). It was estimated that ~27% increase in precipitation is required on Stok glacier to compensate for the mass loss due to 1°C rise in temperature. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mohd Soheb Alagappan Ramanathan Thupstan Angchuk Arindan Mandal Naveen Kumar Sonam Lotus |
author_facet |
Mohd Soheb Alagappan Ramanathan Thupstan Angchuk Arindan Mandal Naveen Kumar Sonam Lotus |
author_sort |
Mohd Soheb |
title |
Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019 |
title_short |
Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019 |
title_full |
Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019 |
title_fullStr |
Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of Stok glacier, Ladakh region, India, between 1978 and 2019 |
title_sort |
mass-balance observation, reconstruction and sensitivity of stok glacier, ladakh region, india, between 1978 and 2019 |
publisher |
Cambridge University Press |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.34 https://doaj.org/article/ceebe072ece74a8cb3fd392272a0dbba |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
Journal of Glaciology, Vol 66, Pp 627-642 (2020) |
op_relation |
https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143020000349/type/journal_article https://doaj.org/toc/0022-1430 https://doaj.org/toc/1727-5652 doi:10.1017/jog.2020.34 0022-1430 1727-5652 https://doaj.org/article/ceebe072ece74a8cb3fd392272a0dbba |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.34 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
66 |
container_issue |
258 |
container_start_page |
627 |
op_container_end_page |
642 |
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1766049141499101184 |