Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius)
Abstract Phylum Tardigrada is represented by microscopic eight-legged panarthropods that inhabit terrestrial and marine environments. Although tardigrades are emerging model animals for areas of research including physiology, evolutionary biology, and astrobiology, knowledge of their external morpho...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:cebf11d22d6c432291b0bea51519de28 2024-01-07T09:41:49+01:00 Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius) Ji-Hoon Kihm Krzysztof Zawierucha Hyun Soo Rho Tae-Yoon S. Park 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w https://doaj.org/article/cebf11d22d6c432291b0bea51519de28 EN eng BMC https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w https://doaj.org/toc/2056-306X doi:10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w 2056-306X https://doaj.org/article/cebf11d22d6c432291b0bea51519de28 Zoological Letters, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2023) Cephalic sensory structure Arctic Ancestral character Morphogroup Greenland Zoology QL1-991 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w 2023-12-10T01:47:14Z Abstract Phylum Tardigrada is represented by microscopic eight-legged panarthropods that inhabit terrestrial and marine environments. Although tardigrades are emerging model animals for areas of research including physiology, evolutionary biology, and astrobiology, knowledge of their external morphology remains insufficient. For instance, homologies between marine and terrestrial relatives largely remain unexplored. In the present study we provide detailed pictures of the head sensory organs in a new tardigrade, Ramazzottius groenlandensis sp. nov. Specimens were collected from a mixed moss and lichen sample on Ella Island, East Greenland. The new species differs from congeneric species in the presence of polygonal sculpturing on the dorsal cuticle, which is accentuated in the posterior region of the body, a lateral papilla on leg IV, and distinctive egg morphology. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis (18S rRNA + 28S rRNA + COI) places the new species within the genus Ramazzottius with high confidence. Interestingly, the new species shows a full set of well-developed cephalic organs, which correspond to all sensory fields found in eutardigrades. Details on the full set of head organs were present only for heterotardigrades. The surface of these organs is covered with small pores, which presumably play a sensory role. This discovery suggests the homology of head sensory structures between heterotardigrades and eutardigrades, implying that the distinctive arrangement and positioning of sensory organs on the head is a plesiomorphic feature of tardigrades. Moreover, we find that the Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri morphotype forms a morphogroup, not a monophyletic species complex. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic East Greenland Greenland Tardigrade water bear Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic Greenland Zoological Letters 9 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Cephalic sensory structure Arctic Ancestral character Morphogroup Greenland Zoology QL1-991 |
spellingShingle |
Cephalic sensory structure Arctic Ancestral character Morphogroup Greenland Zoology QL1-991 Ji-Hoon Kihm Krzysztof Zawierucha Hyun Soo Rho Tae-Yoon S. Park Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius) |
topic_facet |
Cephalic sensory structure Arctic Ancestral character Morphogroup Greenland Zoology QL1-991 |
description |
Abstract Phylum Tardigrada is represented by microscopic eight-legged panarthropods that inhabit terrestrial and marine environments. Although tardigrades are emerging model animals for areas of research including physiology, evolutionary biology, and astrobiology, knowledge of their external morphology remains insufficient. For instance, homologies between marine and terrestrial relatives largely remain unexplored. In the present study we provide detailed pictures of the head sensory organs in a new tardigrade, Ramazzottius groenlandensis sp. nov. Specimens were collected from a mixed moss and lichen sample on Ella Island, East Greenland. The new species differs from congeneric species in the presence of polygonal sculpturing on the dorsal cuticle, which is accentuated in the posterior region of the body, a lateral papilla on leg IV, and distinctive egg morphology. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis (18S rRNA + 28S rRNA + COI) places the new species within the genus Ramazzottius with high confidence. Interestingly, the new species shows a full set of well-developed cephalic organs, which correspond to all sensory fields found in eutardigrades. Details on the full set of head organs were present only for heterotardigrades. The surface of these organs is covered with small pores, which presumably play a sensory role. This discovery suggests the homology of head sensory structures between heterotardigrades and eutardigrades, implying that the distinctive arrangement and positioning of sensory organs on the head is a plesiomorphic feature of tardigrades. Moreover, we find that the Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri morphotype forms a morphogroup, not a monophyletic species complex. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ji-Hoon Kihm Krzysztof Zawierucha Hyun Soo Rho Tae-Yoon S. Park |
author_facet |
Ji-Hoon Kihm Krzysztof Zawierucha Hyun Soo Rho Tae-Yoon S. Park |
author_sort |
Ji-Hoon Kihm |
title |
Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius) |
title_short |
Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius) |
title_full |
Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius) |
title_fullStr |
Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Homology of the head sensory structures between Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (Ramazzottiidae: Ramazzottius) |
title_sort |
homology of the head sensory structures between heterotardigrada and eutardigrada supported in a new species of water bear (ramazzottiidae: ramazzottius) |
publisher |
BMC |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w https://doaj.org/article/cebf11d22d6c432291b0bea51519de28 |
geographic |
Arctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Greenland |
genre |
Arctic East Greenland Greenland Tardigrade water bear |
genre_facet |
Arctic East Greenland Greenland Tardigrade water bear |
op_source |
Zoological Letters, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2023) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w https://doaj.org/toc/2056-306X doi:10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w 2056-306X https://doaj.org/article/cebf11d22d6c432291b0bea51519de28 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40851-023-00221-w |
container_title |
Zoological Letters |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1787422629286641664 |